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- Q423169 subject Q6814466.
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- Q423169 abstract "Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinylhydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used as a first-line agent for the prevention and treatment of both latent and active tuberculosis. It is effective against mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is also active against some atypical types of mycobacteria, such as M. kansasii and M. xenopi. Isoniazid is an organic compound that is available in tablet, syrup, and injectable forms.The most common side effect of isoniazid is an increase in blood levels of liver enzymes; however, it is usually harmless. Uncommon but more serious side effects include inflammation of nerves, which causes numbness in the arms or legs, and liver inflammation. Liver function should be monitored carefully in all people receiving it. Isoniazid blocks the formation of mycolic acids, which are essential parts of mycobacterial cell walls. Disruption of the mycobacterial cell wall results in cell death. Isoniazid acts on both intracellular and extracellular mycobacteria.Isoniazid was first made in the early 20th century, but its activity against tuberculosis was first reported in the early 1950s. Three pharmaceutical companies unsuccessfully attempted to patent the drug at the same time, the most prominent one being Roche, which launched its version, Rimifon, in 1952. With the introduction of isoniazid, a cure for tuberculosis was first considered possible. It is available worldwide, is inexpensive, and is generally well tolerated. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of medicines that constitute the bare minimum for a basic health system.".
- Q423169 atcPrefix "J04".
- Q423169 atcSuffix "AC01".
- Q423169 casNumber "54-85-3".
- Q423169 chEBI "6030".
- Q423169 drugbank "DB00951".
- Q423169 fdaUniiCode "V83O1VOZ8L".
- Q423169 iupacName "Isonicotinohydrazide".
- Q423169 pubchem "3767".
- Q423169 thumbnail Isoniazid_skeletal.svg?width=300.
- Q423169 wikiPageExternalLink romero.html.
- Q423169 wikiPageExternalLink Chapter_6_Regimens.htm.
- Q423169 wikiPageExternalLink Chapter_7_Monitoring.htm.
- Q423169 wikiPageExternalLink default.htm.
- Q423169 wikiPageExternalLink table5.htm.
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- Q423169 atcPrefix "J04".
- Q423169 atcSuffix "AC01".
- Q423169 casNumber "54".
- Q423169 chebi "6030".
- Q423169 drugbank "DB00951".
- Q423169 iupacName "Isonicotinohydrazide".
- Q423169 pubchem "3767".
- Q423169 unii "V83O1VOZ8L".
- Q423169 type ChemicalSubstance.
- Q423169 type Drug.
- Q423169 type ChemicalObject.
- Q423169 type Thing.
- Q423169 type Q8386.
- Q423169 comment "Isoniazid, also known as isonicotinylhydrazide (INH), is an antibiotic used as a first-line agent for the prevention and treatment of both latent and active tuberculosis. It is effective against mycobacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is also active against some atypical types of mycobacteria, such as M. kansasii and M. xenopi.".
- Q423169 label "Isoniazid".
- Q423169 depiction Isoniazid_skeletal.svg.