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- Q3494051 subject Q6272142.
- Q3494051 subject Q8640276.
- Q3494051 abstract "The transverse folds of rectum (or Houston's valves) are semi-lunar transverse folds of the rectal wall that protrude into the rectum, not the anal canal as that lies below the rectum. Their use seems to be to support the weight of fecal matter, and prevent its urging toward the anus, which would produce a strong urge to defecate. Although the term rectum means straight, these transverse folds overlap each other during the empty state of the intestine to such an extent that, as Houston remarked, they require considerable maneuvering to conduct an instrument along the canal, as often occurs in sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy.These folds are about 12 mm. in width and are composed of the circular muscle coat of the rectum. They are usually three in number; sometimes a fourth is found, and occasionally only two are present. One is situated near the commencement of the rectum, on the right side. A second extends inward from the left side of the tube, opposite the middle of the sacrum. A third, the largest and most constant, projects backward from the forepart of the rectum, opposite the fundus of the urinary bladder. When a fourth is present, it is situated nearly 2.5 cm above the anus on the left and posterior wall of the tube.Transverse folds were first described by a British anatomist John Houston, a curator of Dublin College of Surgeon's Museum, in 1830. They appear to be peculiar to human physiology: Baur (1863) looked for Houston's valves in a number of mammals, including wolf, bear, rhinoceros, and several Old World primates, but didn't find any. They are formed very early during human development, and may be visible in embryos of as little as 55 mm in length (10 weeks of gestational age.)".
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- Q3494051 dorlandsSuffix "12649311".
- Q3494051 grayPage "1183".
- Q3494051 graySubject "249".
- Q3494051 thumbnail Gray1078.png?width=300.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q158716.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q204015.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q233316.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q2465231.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q496.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q497.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q6272142.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q840387.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q8640276.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q9382.
- Q3494051 wikiPageWikiLink Q941169.
- Q3494051 dorlandspre "p_24".
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- Q3494051 graysubject "249".
- Q3494051 name "Transverse folds of rectum".
- Q3494051 type AnatomicalStructure.
- Q3494051 type Thing.
- Q3494051 type Q4936952.
- Q3494051 comment "The transverse folds of rectum (or Houston's valves) are semi-lunar transverse folds of the rectal wall that protrude into the rectum, not the anal canal as that lies below the rectum. Their use seems to be to support the weight of fecal matter, and prevent its urging toward the anus, which would produce a strong urge to defecate.".
- Q3494051 label "Transverse folds of rectum".
- Q3494051 depiction Gray1078.png.
- Q3494051 name "Transverse folds of rectum".