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- Q17909993 abstract "Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene.Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. They act as molecular chaperones although they do not renature proteins and release them in the fashion of a true chaperone; instead they hold them in large soluble aggregates. Post-translational modifications decrease the ability to chaperone. These heterogeneous aggregates consist of 30-40 subunits; the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Two additional functions of alpha crystallins are an autokinase activity and participation in the intracellular architecture. Alpha-A and alpha-B gene products are differentially expressed; alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is expressed widely in many tissues and organs. Defects in this gene cause autosomal dominant congenital cataract (ADCC).".
- Q17909993 entrezgene "1409".
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q14905263.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q17910011.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q17910168.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q17910294.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q7187.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q8054.
- Q17909993 wikiPageWikiLink Q896177.
- Q17909993 type Biomolecule.
- Q17909993 type Protein.
- Q17909993 type Thing.
- Q17909993 type Q206229.
- Q17909993 type Q8054.
- Q17909993 comment "Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene.Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon-specific, or enzyme, and ubiquitous. The latter class constitutes the major proteins of vertebrate eye lens and maintains the transparency and refractive index of the lens. Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins.".
- Q17909993 label "CRYAA".