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- Q16009678 subject Q15096655.
- Q16009678 subject Q19904591.
- Q16009678 subject Q6490926.
- Q16009678 subject Q7037866.
- Q16009678 subject Q8818526.
- Q16009678 abstract "Claire Parker (August 31, 1906 – October 3, 1981) was an American engineer and animator. A graduate of MIT, her best-known contribution to the history of cinema is the Pinscreen (Écran d'épingles), a vertically-mounted grid of 240,000 sliding metal rods that are first manually pushed into position to create lit and shaded areas, then filmed frame by frame. While the hand-operated, mechanical Pinscreen superficially shares characteristics with early "optical toys" like the zoetrope, it is distinguished by being one of the first devices ever to produce animation by reconfiguring a set of individual picture elements, later called pixels. Its pin "resolution" is sufficient to create photorealistic images, a painstaking process analogous to modern pixel art.Parker shared directing credits for her films with her husband and collaborator, Russian animator Alexandre Alexeieff; however, the 1935 patent on the Pinscreen was made in her name alone. Alexeieff and Parker's Pinscreen films include Night on Bald Mountain (1933) and The Nose (1963), as well as the opening title sequence for Orson Welles' film The Trial (1962). As of 2012, the last known original Pinscreen still being used in animation production is maintained at the National Film Board of Canada's main campus in Montreal.".
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q1135821.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q15096655.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q1530721.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q19904591.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q218273.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q2253828.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q2381394.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q24829.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q355198.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q49108.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q568102.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q6490926.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q7037866.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q822426.
- Q16009678 wikiPageWikiLink Q8818526.
- Q16009678 comment "Claire Parker (August 31, 1906 – October 3, 1981) was an American engineer and animator. A graduate of MIT, her best-known contribution to the history of cinema is the Pinscreen (Écran d'épingles), a vertically-mounted grid of 240,000 sliding metal rods that are first manually pushed into position to create lit and shaded areas, then filmed frame by frame.".
- Q16009678 label "Claire Parker".