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- Q1548206 subject Q7217154.
- Q1548206 subject Q8790127.
- Q1548206 subject Q8834690.
- Q1548206 abstract "A heliometer (from Greek ἥλιος hḗlios "sun" and measure) is an instrument originally designed for measuring the variation of the sun's diameter at different seasons of the year, but applied now to the modern form of the instrument which is capable of much wider use.The basic concept is to introduce a split element into a telescope's optical path so as to produce a double image. If one element is moved using a screw micrometer, precise angle measurements can be made. The simplest arrangement is to split the object lens in half, with one half fixed and the other attached to the micrometer screw and slid along the cut diameter. To measure the diameter of the sun, for example, the micrometer is first adjusted so that the two images of the solar disk coincide (the "zero" position where the split elements form essentially a single element). The micrometer is then adjusted so that diametrically opposite sides of the two images of the solar disk just touch each other. The difference in the two micrometer readings so obtained is the (angular) diameter of the sun. Similarly, a precise measurement of the apparent separation between two nearby stars, A and B, is made by first superimposing the two images of the stars and then adjusting the double image so that star A in one image coincides with star B in the other. The difference in the two micrometer readings so obtained is the apparent separation or angular distance between the two stars.The first application of the divided object-glass and the employment of double images in astronomical measures is due to Servington Savary from Exeter in 1743. Pierre Bouguer, in 1748, originated the true conception of measurement by double image without the auxiliary aid of a filar micrometer, that is by changing the distance between two object-glasses of equal focus. John Dollond, in 1754, combined Savary's idea of the divided object-glass with Bouguer's method of measurement, resulting in the construction of the first really practical heliometers. As far as we can ascertain, Joseph von Fraunhofer, some time not long before 1820, constructed the first heliometer with an achromatic divided object-glass, i.e. the first heliometer of the modern type.The first successful measurements of stellar parallax (to determine the distance to a star) were made by Friedrich Bessel in 1838 for the star 61 Cygni using a Fraunhofer heliometer. This was the 6.2-inch (157.5 mm) aperture Fraunhofer heliometer at Königsberg Observatory built by Joseph von Fraunhofer's firm, though he did not live to see it delivered to Bessel. Although the heliometer was difficult to use, it had certain advantages for Bessel including a wider field of view compared to other great refractors of the period, and overcame atmospheric turbulence in measurements compared to a filar micrometer.".
- Q1548206 thumbnail Heliometer_Kuffner-Sternwarte.jpg?width=300.
- Q1548206 wikiPageExternalLink helio.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q1057006.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q11065.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q12458.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q1548927.
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- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q249302.
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- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q340600.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q3880557.
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- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q505186.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q525.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q7217154.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q75845.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q8790127.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q8834690.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q906561.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q9129.
- Q1548206 wikiPageWikiLink Q931304.
- Q1548206 comment "A heliometer (from Greek ἥλιος hḗlios "sun" and measure) is an instrument originally designed for measuring the variation of the sun's diameter at different seasons of the year, but applied now to the modern form of the instrument which is capable of much wider use.The basic concept is to introduce a split element into a telescope's optical path so as to produce a double image. If one element is moved using a screw micrometer, precise angle measurements can be made.".
- Q1548206 label "Heliometer".
- Q1548206 depiction Heliometer_Kuffner-Sternwarte.jpg.