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- Q1520365 subject Q8287319.
- Q1520365 abstract "Hydrostatic shock or hydraulic shock is a term which describes the observation that a penetrating projectile can produce remote wounding and incapacitating effects in living targets through a hydraulic effect in their liquid-filled tissues, in addition to local effects in tissue caused by direct impact. Just as force applied by a pump in a hydraulic circuit is transmitted to elsewhere in the circuit because of the near incompressibility of the liquid, so the kinetic energy of a bullet can sometimes send a shock wave through the body, transferring physical shock to tissues whose physiologic function may be disrupted by it (especially in the circulatory or nervous systems). (Other kinds of shock, namely circulatory and psychological, may follow, but mechanical shock is the immediate disruptor.) There is scientific evidence that hydrostatic shock can produce remote neural damage and produce incapacitation more quickly than blood loss effects. In arguments about the differences in stopping power between calibers and between cartridge models, proponents of cartridges that are "light and fast" (such as the 9×19mm Parabellum) versus cartridges that are "slow and heavy" (such as the .45 ACP) often refer to this phenomenon.Human autopsy results have demonstrated brain hemorrhaging from fatal hits to the chest, including cases with handgun bullets. Thirty-three cases of fatal penetrating chest wounds by a single bullet were selected from a much larger set by excluding all other traumatic factors, including past history.In such meticulously selected cases brain tissue was examined histologically; samples were taken from brain hemispheres, basal ganglia, the pons, the oblongate and from the cerebellum. Cufflike pattern haemorrhages around small brain vessels were found in all specimens. These haemorrhages are caused by sudden changes of the intravascular blood pressure as a result of a compression of intrathoracic great vessels by a shock wave caused by a penetrating bullet.It has often been asserted that hydrostatic shock and other descriptions of remote wounding effects are nothing but myths. Correspondence in the journal, Neurosurgery, reviews the published evidence and concludes that the phenomenon is well-established.A myth is an assertion which has either been disproven by careful experiment or for which there is no historical or scientific evidence in cases where it is reasonably expected. Belief in remote effects of penetrating projectiles may have originated with hunters and soldiers, but their reality is now well established in a broad body of scientific literature...".
- Q1520365 thumbnail TBIpwave.jpg?width=300.
- Q1520365 wikiPageExternalLink Knowledgebase.html.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q11068.
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- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q190688.
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- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q1968890.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q201332.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q215887.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q238461.
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- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q249373.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q2896579.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q3295421.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q37144.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q424221.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q48360.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q521.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q5954409.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q7117060.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q7373478.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q7499822.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q7673227.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q7928502.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q805282.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q8067817.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q8287319.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q8740.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q9404.
- Q1520365 wikiPageWikiLink Q943091.
- Q1520365 comment "Hydrostatic shock or hydraulic shock is a term which describes the observation that a penetrating projectile can produce remote wounding and incapacitating effects in living targets through a hydraulic effect in their liquid-filled tissues, in addition to local effects in tissue caused by direct impact.".
- Q1520365 label "Hydrostatic shock".
- Q1520365 depiction TBIpwave.jpg.