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- Q133459 subject Q8772616.
- Q133459 abstract "Neurospora crassa is a type of red bread mold of the phylum Ascomycota. The genus name, meaning "nerve spore" refers to the characteristic striations on the spores. The first published account of this fungus was from an infestation of French bakeries in 1843.N. crassa is used as a model organism because it is easy to grow and has a haploid life cycle that makes genetic analysis simple since recessive traits will show up in the offspring. Analysis of genetic recombination is facilitated by the ordered arrangement of the products of meiosis in Neurospora ascospores. Its entire genome of seven chromosomes has been sequenced.Neurospora was used by Edward Tatum and George Wells Beadle in their experiments for which they won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1958. Beadle and Tatum exposed N. crassa to x-rays, causing mutations. They then observed failures in metabolic pathways caused by errors in specific enzymes. This led them to propose the "one gene, one enzyme" hypothesis that specific genes code for specific proteins. Their hypothesis was later elaborated to enzyme pathways by Norman Horowitz, also working on Neurospora. As Norman Horowitz reminisced in 2004 “These experiments founded the science of what Beadle and Tatum called ‘biochemical genetics’. In actuality, they proved to be the opening gun in what became molecular genetics and all developments that have followed from that.”In the 24 April 2003 issue of Nature, the genome of N. crassa was reported as completely sequenced. The genome is about 43 megabases long and includes approximately 10,000 genes. There is a project underway to produce strains containing knockout mutants of every N. crassa gene.In its natural environment, N. crassa lives mainly in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It can be found growing on dead plant matter after fires.Neurospora is actively used in research around the world. It is important in the elucidation of molecular events involved in circadian rhythms, epigenetics and gene silencing, cell polarity, cell fusion, development, as well as many aspects of cell biology and biochemistry.Strains and other materials for working with Neurospora are available from theFungal Genetics Stock Center".
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- Q133459 genus Q309943.
- Q133459 kingdom Q764.
- Q133459 order Q143039.
- Q133459 phylum Q174726.
- Q133459 phylum Q387893.
- Q133459 thumbnail Neurospora_crassahyphae.jpg?width=300.
- Q133459 wikiPageExternalLink 5107.pdf.
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- Q133459 binomialAuthority "Shear & B.O. Dodge".
- Q133459 classis Q133607.
- Q133459 familia Q4429008.
- Q133459 genus "Neurospora".
- Q133459 ordo Q143039.
- Q133459 phylum Q174726.
- Q133459 regnum Q764.
- Q133459 subphylum Q387893.
- Q133459 type Eukaryote.
- Q133459 type Fungus.
- Q133459 type Species.
- Q133459 type Thing.
- Q133459 type Q19088.
- Q133459 comment "Neurospora crassa is a type of red bread mold of the phylum Ascomycota. The genus name, meaning "nerve spore" refers to the characteristic striations on the spores. The first published account of this fungus was from an infestation of French bakeries in 1843.N. crassa is used as a model organism because it is easy to grow and has a haploid life cycle that makes genetic analysis simple since recessive traits will show up in the offspring.".
- Q133459 label "Neurospora crassa".
- Q133459 depiction Neurospora_crassahyphae.jpg.