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- Q1327664 subject Q7069096.
- Q1327664 subject Q7081681.
- Q1327664 subject Q7157144.
- Q1327664 abstract "In physiology, electrotonus refers to the passive spread of charge inside a neuron. Passive means that voltage-dependent changes in membrane conductance do not contribute. Neurons and other excitable cells produce two types of electrical potential: Electrotonic potential — a non-propagated local potential, resulting from a local change in ionic conductance (e.g. synaptic or sensory that engenders a local current). When it spreads along a stretch of membrane, it becomes exponentially smaller (decrement). Action potential — a propagated impulse.Electrotonic potentials represent changes to the neuron's membrane potential that do not lead to the generation of new current by action potentials. Neurons which are small in relation to their length, such as some neurons in the brain, have only electrotonic potentials (starbust amacrine cells in the retina are believed to have these properties); longer neurons utilize electrotonic potentials to trigger the action potential.The electrotonic potential travels via electrotonic spread, which amounts to attraction of opposite- and repulsion of like-charged ions within the cell. Electrotonic potentials can sum spatially or temporally. Spatial summation is the combination of multiple sources of ion influx (multiple channels within a dendrite, or channels within multiple dendrites), where temporal summation is a gradual increase in overall charge due to repeated influxes in the same location. Because the ionic charge enters in one location and dissipates to others, losing intensity as it spreads, electrotonic spread is a graded response. It is important to contrast this with the all-or-none law propagation of the action potential down the axon of the neuron.Electrotonic spread is generally responsible for increasing the voltage of the soma (neuronal cell body) sufficiently to exceed threshold and trigger the action potential; its summation properties described above make it suitable for integrating input from many different sources. Such input may be depolarizing (positive charge, such as sodium) or hyperpolarizing (negative charge, such as chloride).Electrotonic potentials are conducted faster than action potentials, but attenuate rapidly so are unsuitable for long-distance signaling.".
- Q1327664 wikiPageExternalLink electrotonic-action%20potential.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q108200.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q12821248.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q1327423.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q169342.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q194277.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q2648641.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q354550.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q389844.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q452595.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q7069096.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q7081681.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q7157144.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q7202228.
- Q1327664 wikiPageWikiLink Q864277.
- Q1327664 comment "In physiology, electrotonus refers to the passive spread of charge inside a neuron. Passive means that voltage-dependent changes in membrane conductance do not contribute. Neurons and other excitable cells produce two types of electrical potential: Electrotonic potential — a non-propagated local potential, resulting from a local change in ionic conductance (e.g. synaptic or sensory that engenders a local current).".
- Q1327664 label "Electrotonic potential".