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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas abstract "Thomas-Alexandre Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie (French: [tɔma alɛksɑ̃dʁ dyma davi də la pajətʁi]; also known as Alexandre Dumas; 25 March 1762 – 26 February 1806) was a general in Revolutionary France and the highest-ranking man of African descent ever in a European army. He was the first person of color in the French military to become brigadier general, the first to become divisional general, and the first to become general-in-chief of a French army. Dumas shared the status of the highest-ranking officer of Sub-Saharan origin in the Western world only with Toussaint Louverture (who in May 1797 became the second general-in-chief of Sub-Saharan origin in the French military) until 1975, when the American Daniel \"Chappie\" James Jr became a four-star general in the United States Air Force, the closest American equivalent of Général d'Armée, Dumas's highest rank.Born in Saint-Domingue, Thomas-Alexandre was of mixed race, the son of Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, a white French nobleman and Marie-Cessette Dumas, an enslaved mother of African descent. He was born into slavery because of his mother's status but was also born into nobility because of his father's. His father took the boy with him to France in 1776 and had him educated. Slavery had been illegal in metropolitan France since 1315 and thus any slave would be freed de facto by being in the country. His father helped Thomas-Alexandre enter the French military.Dumas played a pivotal role in the French Revolutionary Wars. Entering the military as a private at age 24, Dumas rose by age 31 to command 53,000 troops as the General-in-Chief of the French Army of the Alps. Dumas's strategic victory in opening the high Alps passes enabled the French to initiate their Second Italian Campaign against the Austrian Empire. During the battles in Italy, Austrian troops nicknamed Dumas as the Schwarzer Teufel (\"Black Devil,\" Diable Noir in French). The French – notably Napoleon – nicknamed him \"the Horatius Cocles of the Tyrol\" (after a hero who had saved ancient Rome) for single-handedly defeating a squadron of enemy troops at a bridge over the Eisack River in Clausen (today Klausen, or Chiusa, Italy).Dumas served as commander of the French cavalry forces on the Expédition d’Égypte, a failed French attempt to conquer Egypt and the Levant. On the march from Alexandria to Cairo, he clashed verbally with the Expedition's supreme commander Napoleon Bonaparte, under whom he had served in the Italian campaigns. In March 1799, Dumas left Egypt on an unsound vessel, which was forced to put aground in the southern Italian Kingdom of Naples, where he was taken prisoner and thrown into a dungeon. He languished there until the spring of 1801.Returning to France after his release, he and his wife had a son, Alexandre Dumas, who became one of France's most widely read authors of all time. The novelist Dumas's most famous characters were inspired by the life of General Dumas. The general’s grandson, Alexandre Dumas, fils, would become one of France's most celebrated playwrights of the second half of the nineteenth century. Another grandson, Henry Bauër, who was never recognized by the novelist Dumas, was a prominent left-leaning theater critic in the same period. The General's great-grandson, Gérard Bauër, son of Henry Bauër, was also an accomplished writer in the twentieth century. A great-great-grandson, Alexandre Lippmann (grandson of the playwright Dumas fils), was a two-time gold medalist in fencing at the 1908 and 1924 Olympic games (he won silver in 1920).".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas alias "Dumas, Alexandre (General)".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas allegiance "French First Republic".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas allegiance "Kingdom of the French".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle Battle_of_the_Pyramids.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle French_Revolutionary_Wars.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle French_campaign_in_Egypt_and_Syria.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle Italian_campaigns_of_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle Siege_of_Mantua_(1796–97).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle War_in_the_Vendée.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas battle War_of_the_First_Coalition.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas birthDate "1762-03-25".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas birthPlace Jérémie.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas birthPlace Saint-Domingue.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas birthYear "1762".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas deathDate "1806-02-26".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas deathPlace Villers-Cotterêts.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas deathYear "1806".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryBranch French_Army.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryBranch French_Revolutionary_Army.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryCommand "Army of the Alps".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryCommand "Army of the Eastern Pyrenees".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryCommand "Army of the West".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas militaryCommand "Commander of Cavalry,Armée d'Orient (1798)".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas relation Alexandre_Dumas.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas relation Alexandre_Dumas,_fils.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas relation Alexandre_Lippmann.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas serviceEndYear "1801".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas serviceStartYear "1786".
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas thumbnail Alexandre_Dumas_(1762-1806).JPG?width=300.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageExternalLink index.php?option=com_petitions&view=petition&id=47&Itemid=74.
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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink 6th_Dragoon_Regiment_(France).
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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_general_(France).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_Italy_(France).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_Alps.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_Eastern_Pyrenees.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_North_(France).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_Rhine_(France).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_West_(1793).
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_Western_Pyrenees.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Austrian_Empire.
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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Barthélemy_Catherine_Joubert.
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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Black_people.
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- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Cairo.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Caribbean.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:1762_births.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:1806_deaths.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Deaths_from_stomach_cancer.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:French_generals.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Haitian_people_of_African_descent.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Haitian_people_of_French_descent.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Haitian_people_of_Mulatto_descent.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_leaders_of_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_GrandAnse_Department.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_of_Saint-Domingue.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Champ_de_Mars_Massacre.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Charles_François_Dumouriez.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Chevalier_de_Saint-Georges.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Claude_Ribbe.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Cocoa_bean.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Committee_of_Public_Safety.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Concubinage.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Tyrol.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Coup_of_18_Brumaire.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Crampons.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Damanhur.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_James,_Jr..
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Divisional_general.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Dominican_Republic.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Dysentery.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Déodat_Gratet_de_Dolomieu.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Egypt.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Eisack.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Fabrizio_Ruffo.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_I_of_the_Two_Sicilies.
- Thomas-Alexandre_Dumas wikiPageWikiLink France.