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- Social_classes_of_Tibet abstract "There were three main social groups in Tibet prior to 1959, namely ordinary laypeople (mi ser in Tibetan), lay nobility (sger pa), and monks. The ordinary layperson could be further classified as a peasant farmer (shing-pa) or nomadic pastoralist (trokpa).The Tsang (17th century) and Dalai Lama (Ganden Podrang) law codes distinguished three social divisions: high, medium and low, each in turn was divided into three classes, to give nine classes in all. Social status was a formal classification, mostly hereditary and had legal consequences: for example the compensation to be paid for the killing of a member of these classes varied from 5 (for the lowest) to 200 'sung' for the second highest, the members of the noble families.Nobles, government officials and monks of pure conduct were in the high division, only - probably - the Dalai Lama was in the very highest class. The middle division contained a large portion of the population and ranged from minor government officials, to taxpayer and landholding peasants, to landless peasants. Movement between classes was possible in the middle division. The lower division contained ragyabpa ('untouchables') of different types: e.g. blacksmiths and butchers. The very lowest class contained executioners, and (in the Tsang code) bachelors and hermaphrodites.Anthropologists have presented different taxonomies for the middle social division, in part because they studied specific regions of Tibet and the terms were not universal. Both Melvyn Goldstein and Geoff Childs however classified the population into three main types: taxpayer families (tre-ba or khral-pa) householders (du-jong or dud-chung-ba) landless peasants (mi-bo)In the middle group, the taxpaying families could be quite wealthy. Depending upon the district, each category had different responsibilities in terms of tax and labor. Membership to each of these classes was primarily hereditary; the linkage between subjects and their estate and overlord was similarly transmitted through parallel descent. The taxpayer class, although numerically smallest among the three subclasses, occupied a superior position in terms of political and economic status.The question of whether serfdom prevailed in traditional Tibetan society is controversial; Heidi Fjeld argues for a moderate position, recognizing that serfdom existed but was not universal in U-Tsang; a better description of the traditional Tibetan social class system, at least in Central Tibet, would be a caste system, rather than a comparison to European feudalism.".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageExternalLink stratification.html.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageExternalLink acme-of-obscenity.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageExternalLink childs.polyandry.and.population.growth.pdf.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageID "18177739".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageLength "12022".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageOutDegree "33".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageRevisionID "682103788".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink 13th_Dalai_Lama.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink A._Tom_Grunfeld.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Anthropologist.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Aristocracy.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Blacksmith.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Caste.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Category:Social_class_by_country.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Category:Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Alfred_Bell.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Corvée.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Feudalism.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Goldsmith.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Heinrich_Harrer.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Heredity.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Hugh_Edward_Richardson.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Jamyang_Norbu.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Landlord.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Lease.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Melvyn_Goldstein.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Monk.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Nobility.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Peter_Aufschnaiter.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Polyandry_in_Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Serfdom.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Tax.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Title_(property).
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLink Ü-Tsang.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "Casteless people in Tibet".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "Nangzan".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "Social classes of Tibet".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "Social_classes_of_Tibet#The_Nobility".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "class structure".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "social classes of Tibet".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageWikiLinkText "social structure of Tibet".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_web.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Convert.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Social_class.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Tibet_topics.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet subject Category:History_of_Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet subject Category:Social_class_by_country.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet subject Category:Tibet.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet hypernym Groups.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet type Event.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet type Class.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet type Redirect.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet comment "There were three main social groups in Tibet prior to 1959, namely ordinary laypeople (mi ser in Tibetan), lay nobility (sger pa), and monks. The ordinary layperson could be further classified as a peasant farmer (shing-pa) or nomadic pastoralist (trokpa).The Tsang (17th century) and Dalai Lama (Ganden Podrang) law codes distinguished three social divisions: high, medium and low, each in turn was divided into three classes, to give nine classes in all.".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet label "Social classes of Tibet".
- Social_classes_of_Tibet sameAs Q3488687.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet sameAs Société_tibétaine.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet sameAs m.04cydb4.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet sameAs Q3488687.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet wasDerivedFrom Social_classes_of_Tibet?oldid=682103788.
- Social_classes_of_Tibet isPrimaryTopicOf Social_classes_of_Tibet.