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- Salt_pannes_and_pools abstract "Salt pannes and pools are water retaining depressions located within salt and brackish marshes. Pools tend to retain water during the summer months between high tides, whereas pannes generally do not. Salt pannes generally start when a mat of organic debris (known as wrack) is deposited upon existing vegetation, killing it. This creates a slight depression in the surrounding vegetation which retains water for varying periods of time. Upon successive cycles of inundation and evaporation the panne develops an increased salinity greater than that of the larger body of water. This increased salinity dictates the type of flora and fauna able to grow within the panne. Salt pools are also secondary formations, though the exact mechanism(s) of formation are not well understood; some have predicted they will increase in size and abundance in the future due to rising sea levels. Salt pannes and pools are unique microhabitats dominated by various species of halophytes, benthic plants and varying estuarine marine life that vary considerably in composition due to a variety of factors:Substrate type: affects the ability of the depression to hold water.depth and diameter: affect water temperature and evaporation rate in the depression. A shallow and wide pool will evaporate at a greater rate than a pool of the same volume of water which is deeper and has a smaller surface area. Evaporation rate also affects salinity, the higher the evaporation rate the higher the salinity, with rates as high as a third greater than ocean water.location within the intertidal zone, whether high marsh or low marsh and distance from the mean low tide mark which affects the length and duration of inundation until the depression is subject to evaporation as well as length of time until the rising tide replenishes the water volume.These factors affect the types of species which can survive within the various types of salt pannes and pools. Variants of salt pannes and pools: Low salt marshLow salt marsh panneUsually devoid of vegetation, that may be present include smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), marine algae such as knotted wrack (Ascophyllum nodosum) and rockweeds (Fucus spp.). The substrate is typically soft, silty mud. High salt marshArrow-grass (forb) panneBriefly flooded, very shallow with a moderate amount of vegetation usually dominated by Arrow grass (Triglochin maritimum), with the deeper sections possibly remaining unvegetated.Smooth cord-grass (short form) panneShallow anaerobic depressions with poor drainage, poor water quality due to low nutrient levels and high concentrations of sulfides and similar compounds which inhibit plant growth. Short form (6-12\" tall)smooth cord-grass (Spartina alterniflora) is the dominant plant species. Typically found on the high salt marsh, but can occasionally be found on the upper margins of low salt marsh.Salt marsh mosquito panneMinimal vegetation often found on the upper half of the high salt marsh. It is typically deeper than forb and smooth cord-grass pannes. Usually flooded by the higher of the two spring tides, retains water for 2–3 weeks later until drying out. The female eastern salt marsh mosquito (Aedes sollicitans) lays eggs on the exposed surface. The eggs lay dormant until the next time the panne floods. Widgeon grass (Ruppia maritima) - marsh minnow deepwater poolPools on the high salt marsh that are semi-permanently and permanently flooded. They are able to sustain populations of Sheephead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus variegatus), Mummichogs, (Fundulus heteroclitus), and other species of small fish which may become trapped in the pools and benthic species of vegetation. Occasioanally can be found at the upper edge of the low salt marsh.".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools thumbnail Salt_pannes_and_pools_high_and_low_tide.gif?width=300.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageID "28057388".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageLength "7030".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageOutDegree "48".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageRevisionID "706886216".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Aedes_sollicitans.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Agrostis_stolonifera.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Ascophyllum.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Benthic_zone.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Brackish_water.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Carex_paleacea.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Coastal_and_oceanic_landforms.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Coastal_geography.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Estuaries.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fisheries.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Water.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Category:Wetlands.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Distichlis_spicata.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Eleocharis_halophila.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Elymus_virginicus.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Estuary.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Festuca_rubra.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Forb.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Fucus_vesiculosus.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Graminoid.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Habitat.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Halophyte.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink High_marsh.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Low_marsh.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Marsh.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Mummichog.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Ranunculus_cymbalaria.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Ruppia_maritima.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Salinity.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Salt_marsh.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Schoenoplectus_pungens.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Seaweed.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Sheepshead_minnow.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Solidago_sempervirens.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Spartina_alterniflora.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Spartina_patens.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Substrate_(marine_biology).
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Sulfide.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Symphyotrichum_novi-belgii.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Tide.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Triglochin_maritima.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Typha_angustifolia.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink Wikt:anaerobic.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink File:Allens_Pond_salt_marsh.jpg.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink File:Bride-Brook-Salt-Marsh-s.jpg.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink File:Fundulus_heteroclitus.jpg.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLink File:Salt_pannes_and_pools_high_and_low_tide.gif.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLinkText "Salt pannes and pools".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageWikiLinkText "salt pannes".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Aquatic_ecosystem_topics.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Clear.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Coastal_geography.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Portal_bar.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Wetlands.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Coastal_and_oceanic_landforms.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Coastal_geography.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Estuaries.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Fisheries.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Water.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools subject Category:Wetlands.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools hypernym Water.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Building.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Biome.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Coast.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Fishery.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Landform.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Liquid.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools type Fishery.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools comment "Salt pannes and pools are water retaining depressions located within salt and brackish marshes. Pools tend to retain water during the summer months between high tides, whereas pannes generally do not. Salt pannes generally start when a mat of organic debris (known as wrack) is deposited upon existing vegetation, killing it. This creates a slight depression in the surrounding vegetation which retains water for varying periods of time.".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools label "Salt pannes and pools".
- Salt_pannes_and_pools sameAs Q7406001.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools sameAs منخفضات_وبرك_ملحية.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools sameAs Panne_(interdune).
- Salt_pannes_and_pools sameAs m.0cm9fkb.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools sameAs Q7406001.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools wasDerivedFrom Salt_pannes_and_pools?oldid=706886216.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools depiction Salt_pannes_and_pools_high_and_low_tide.gif.
- Salt_pannes_and_pools isPrimaryTopicOf Salt_pannes_and_pools.