Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes> ?p ?o }
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes abstract "The safety of electronic cigarettes is uncertain. There is little data about their health effects, and considerable variability between vaporizers and in quality of their liquid ingredients and thus the contents of the aerosol delivered to the user. Reviews on the safety of electronic cigarettes have reached significantly different conclusions. In July 2014 the World Health Organization (WHO) report cautioned about potential risks of using e-cigarettes. Regulated US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) products such as nicotine inhalers are probably safer than e-cigarettes. In 2015, Public Health England stated that e-cigarettes are estimated to be 95% less harmful than smoking. A 2014 systematic review concluded that the risks of e-cigarettes have been exaggerated by health authorities and stated that while there may be some remaining risk, the risk of e-cigarette use is likely small compared to smoking tobacco.The long-term effects of e-cigarette use are unknown. A 2014 Cochrane review found no serious adverse effects reported in trials. Less serious adverse effects from e-cigarette use include throat and mouth inflammation, vomiting, nausea, and cough. The evidence suggests they produce less harmful effects than tobacco. A 2014 WHO report said, \"ENDS use poses serious threats to adolescents and fetuses.\" Aside from toxicity, there are also risks from misuse or accidents such as contact with liquid nicotine, fires caused by vaporizer malfunction, and explosions as result from extended charging, unsuitable chargers, or design flaws. Battery explosions are caused by an increase in internal battery temperature and some have resulted in severe skin burns. There is a small risk of battery explosion in devices modified to increase battery power.The e-liquid itself is highly toxic if it swallowed or spilled on skin and poison control centers track poisoning events.After it is vaporized, e-liquid vapor has a low level of toxicity compared to cigarette smoke. Metal parts of e-cigarettes in contact with the e-liquid can contaminate it with metals. Normal usage of e-cigarettes generates very low levels of formaldehyde. A 2015 review found that later-generation e-cigarettes set at higher power may generate equal or higher levels of formaldehyde compared to smoking. A 2015 review found that these levels were the result of overheating under test conditions that bear little resemblance to common usage. The 2015 Public Health England report looking at the research concluded that by applying maximum power and increasing the time the device is used on a puffing machine, e-liquids can thermally degrade and produce high levels of formaldehyde. Users detect the \"dry puff\" and avoid it, and the report concluded that \"There is no indication that EC users are exposed to dangerous levels of aldehydes.\" E-cigarette users are exposed to potentially harmful nicotine. Nicotine is associated with cardiovascular disease, potential birth defects, and poisoning. In vitro studies of nicotine have associated it with cancer, but carcinogenicity has not been demonstrated in vivo. There is inadequate research to demonstrate that nicotine is associated with cancer in humans. The risk is probably low from the inhalation of propylene glycol and glycerin. No information is available on the long-term effects of the inhalation of flavors.E-cigarettes create vapor that consists of ultrafine particles, with the majority of particles in the ultrafine range. The vapor has been found to contain flavors, propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, tiny amounts of toxicants, carcinogens, heavy metals, and metal nanoparticles, and other chemicals. Exactly what comprises the vapor varies in composition and concentration across and within manufacturers. However, e-cigarettes cannot be regarded as simply harmless. There is a concern that some of the mainstream vapor exhaled by e-cigarette users can be inhaled by bystanders, particularly indoors. E-cigarette use by a parent might lead to inadvertent health risks to offspring. A 2014 review recommended that e-cigarettes should be regulated for consumer safety. There is limited information available on the environmental issues around production, use, and disposal of e-cigarettes that use cartridges.".
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- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageRevisionID "707541514".
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Acetaldehyde.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Acetylpropionyl.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Acrolein.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Action_on_Smoking_and_Health.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Acute_coronary_syndrome.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Adverse_effect.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Aerosol.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Association_for_Cancer_Research.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Association_of_Poison_Control_Centers.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Cancer_Society.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Diabetes_Association.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Heart_Association.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink American_Society_of_Clinical_Oncology.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Atherosclerosis.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Benzoic_acid.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Bis(2-ethylhexyl)_phthalate.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Bronchiolitis_obliterans.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Butyl_acetate.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Canadian_Cancer_Society.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cannabis_(drug).
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Carcinogen.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cardiac_arrhythmia.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Case_report.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Category:Electronic_cigarettes.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Causality.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cellulose_acetate.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cigarette.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cinnamaldehyde.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Circulatory_system.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cochrane_(organisation).
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cognition.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Conflict_of_interest.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Consumer_protection.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cotinine.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Cytotoxicity.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Diacetyl.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Diethyl_carbonate.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Electronic_cigarette.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Electronic_cigarette_aerosol_and_e-liquid.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Environmental_issue.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Faculty_of_Public_Health.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Federal_Aviation_Administration.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Flavor.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Food_and_Drug_Administration.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Formaldehyde.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Forum_of_International_Respiratory_Societies.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink German_Cancer_Research_Center.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Glycerol.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Glyoxal.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Good_manufacturing_practice.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Health_Canada.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Health_effect.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Hypertension.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink In_vitro.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink In_vivo.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink International_Civil_Aviation_Organization.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Keratinocyte.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Lithium_battery.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Metered-dose_inhaler.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Nanoparticle.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink National_Association_of_County_and_City_Health_Officials.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink National_Cancer_Institute.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink National_Health_Service_(England).
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink National_Institute_for_Health_and_Care_Excellence.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink National_Institute_for_Occupational_Safety_and_Health.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Nebulizer.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Nervous_system.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Neural_development.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Neuroplasticity.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Nicotine.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Nicotine_replacement_therapy.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Order_of_magnitude.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Pediatrics.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Peer_review.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Pharynx.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Poison_control_center.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Population_health.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Positions_of_medical_organizations_on_electronic_cigarettes.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Potency_(pharmacology).
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Prenatal_development.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Proinflammatory_cytokine.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Propylene_glycol.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Public_Health_England.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Pulmonary_alveolus.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Quality_control.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Quinoline.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Regulation_of_electronic_cigarettes.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Regulation_of_tobacco_by_the_U.S._Food_and_Drug_Administration.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Respiratory_system.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Rimonabant.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Royal_College_of_Physicians.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Sensory_system.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Smokeless_tobacco.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Spirometry.
- Safety_of_electronic_cigarettes wikiPageWikiLink Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States.