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- Rufus_Wyman abstract "Rufus Wyman (1778–1842) was the first physician and superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane, renamed in 1823 to McLean Hospital, part of the Massachusetts General Hospital system, and the first mental hospital in the state.Wyman was born into a middle-class family in Woburn, Massachusetts, whose forebears had arrived in the state in the mid-seventeenth century. He received his early education at the local school, and then graduated from Westford Academy. He entered Harvard College in 1795 and graduated with from its medical school in 1799. He spent a year teaching school before starting his medical training with Dr. Samuel Brown and Dr. John Jeffries. He practiced with Dr. Jeffries for one year then moved to Chelmsford, Massachusetts where he established his practice. He was appointed a justice of the peace and came to be known as a compassionate and intelligent physician. He married in 1810 and the family grew to four sons and one daughter.In Boston, a group of prominent citizens planned to establish a hospital to include an asylum for the insane since only one almshouse provided care. A corporation was formed, a charter was received from the State legislature, and fund raising was undertaken. An estate was purchased in Charleston to house the asylum. The mansion became the superintendents’ residence. The Trustees appointed Wyman as the first superintendent and physician of the asylum. Before taking office, the Trustees sent Wyman to New York and Philadelphia to inspect the existing asylums at New York Hospital and the Pennsylvania Hospital.Wyman and his family moved to his new post in 1818. Wyman was the only physician at the asylum for 17 years. An assistant physician was appointed who helped in the apothecary to distribute medicine, maintained medical records, and visited patients daily. In 1823, the Trustees appointed a steward to take over the business duties of the asylum which allowed Wyman to carry on as physician.Wyman had become acquainted with moral reformers’ treatment instituted at the Retreat at York, an asylum run by the Quaker community and William Tuke. Wyman instituted Tuke’s treatment at the Asylum for the Insane. He added occupation and recreation therapies for patients, and limited or removed the use of restraints. At times, patients shared meals with Wyman’s family in the mansion.The number of patients to the Asylum for the Insane gradually increased. By 1821, 146 patients had been admitted. The growing need for more patient space led the Trustees to build additions and new houses. The opening of the Worcester State Hospital in 1833 directed indigent patients there, thus allowing McLean to admit more affluent patients which improved its finances.Wyman wrote several professional papers, other than his annual reports for the hospital’s Trustees. In 1816, he anonymously published a pamphlet titled “Remarks on the Observations of the Lord’s Day.” In 1830, he gave the annual address to the Massachusetts Medical Society titled “A Discourse on Mental Philosophy as Connected to Mental Disease.”In 1832, Wyman suffered from poor health and tendered his resignation from the hospital. He returned to McLean for three more years, and in 1835, retired to Roxbury with his family. He died in 1842 of a lung affection.Wyman’s legacy was to leave an institution that became a leader in the treatment of mental illness in the United States during the nineteenth century. He was succeeded by his assistant, who served for only a year, then Dr. Luther V. Bell, who served as superintendent to the McLean Asylum from 1837 to 1855, and became a leader in psychiatry.".
- Rufus_Wyman birthDate "1778".
- Rufus_Wyman birthYear "1778".
- Rufus_Wyman deathDate "1842".
- Rufus_Wyman deathYear "1842".
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- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Almshouse.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Apothecary.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:1778_births.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:1842_deaths.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_psychiatrists.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:Deaths_from_lung_disease.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:Harvard_Medical_School_alumni.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Woburn,_Massachusetts.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Category:Physicians_from_Massachusetts.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Harvard_College.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Jeffries_Wyman.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Luther_V._Bell.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Massachusetts_General_Hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Massachusetts_Medical_Society.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink McLean_Hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Morrill_Wyman.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink New_York_Hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Peabody_Museum_of_Archaeology_and_Ethnology.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Pennsylvania_Hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Physician.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Psychiatric_hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Quakers.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Westford_Academy.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink William_Tuke.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLink Worcester_State_Hospital.
- Rufus_Wyman wikiPageWikiLinkText "Rufus Wyman".
- Rufus_Wyman dateOfBirth "1778".
- Rufus_Wyman dateOfDeath "1842".
- Rufus_Wyman name "Wyman, Rufus".
- Rufus_Wyman shortDescription "American physician".
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- Rufus_Wyman description "American physician".
- Rufus_Wyman description "American physician".
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:1778_births.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:1842_deaths.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:American_psychiatrists.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:Deaths_from_lung_disease.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:Harvard_Medical_School_alumni.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:People_from_Woburn,_Massachusetts.
- Rufus_Wyman subject Category:Physicians_from_Massachusetts.
- Rufus_Wyman hypernym Physician.
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- Rufus_Wyman comment "Rufus Wyman (1778–1842) was the first physician and superintendent of the Asylum for the Insane, renamed in 1823 to McLean Hospital, part of the Massachusetts General Hospital system, and the first mental hospital in the state.Wyman was born into a middle-class family in Woburn, Massachusetts, whose forebears had arrived in the state in the mid-seventeenth century. He received his early education at the local school, and then graduated from Westford Academy.".
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- Rufus_Wyman givenName "Rufus".
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- Rufus_Wyman name "Rufus Wyman".
- Rufus_Wyman name "Wyman, Rufus".
- Rufus_Wyman surname "Wyman".