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- Rudolf_Goldschmidt abstract "Rudolf Goldschmidt (March 19, 1876, Neubukow, Mecklenburg – 1950, London) was a German engineer and inventor.Goldschmidt was born in Neubukow and earned an engineering degree in 1898. He spent the following decade working in England with major firms such as Westinghouse. Subsequently he returned to Germany and eventually became a professor at Darmstadt.In 1908 he developed a rotating radio-frequency machine, the Goldschmidt alternator, which was used as an early radio transmitter. This was manufactured by German firm Hochfrequenz-Maschinen Aktiengesellschaft für Drahtlose Telegraphie, and used in high power longwave radio stations to transmit intercontinental radiotelegraph traffic. Large 100 kilowatt Goldschmidt transmitters in Eilvese, Germany and Tuckerton, New Jersey, USA were used in the first direct communications link between Germany and the United States, which was inaugurated on June 19, 1914 with a ceremonial exchange of telegrams between Kaiser Wilhelm II and President Woodrow Wilson. Alternator radio transmitters were used into the 1920s, when they were replaced by vacuum tube transmitters. As one of the first continuous wave transmitters, the Goldschmidt alternator was able to transmit audio (sound) as well as telegraphy signals, and was used for some early experimental AM radio transmissions.He also invented a mechanical device, the Goldschmidt tone wheel, used in early radio receivers to receive the new continuous wave radiotelegraph signals. The first radio transmitter, the spark-gap transmitter, produced a string of damped waves that sounded like a buzz or tone in a radio receiver, so the pulses of radio waves used to transmit Morse code were audible as \"beeps\" in the receiver. However, the new transmitters like the Goldschmidt alternator generated unmodulated continuous waves, which were inaudible in receivers. To make them audible, the tone wheel receiver used the heterodyne principle to convert the radio frequency to an audio frequency. The tone wheel was a disk with contacts around the rim, spun by a small electric motor, which interrupted the incoming radio signal at a radio frequency rate. The tone wheel acted as a crude beat frequency oscillator (BFO), introducing a second radio frequency which combined with the received signal to create a \"beat\" (heterodyne) frequency at the difference of the two frequencies, in the audio range. For example, if the frequency of the received signal was 60,000 Hz, the tone wheel could be adjusted to introduce a frequency of 59,000 Hz, creating a 1,000 Hz tone which could be heard in the earphones as a musical \"beep\" whenever the carrier was present.The tone wheel was used for a short period until the 1920s when it was replaced by the vacuum tube regenerative receiver. Later the tone wheel was used as a musical tone generating device in early electronic organs.During the 1920s, Goldschmidt directed an industrial research lab in Berlin. Here he met Albert Einstein. In 1928, a singer with whom the physicist was acquainted suffered a hearing loss, which misfortune set Einstein to thinking about hearing aids. Soon he had an idea and asked Goldschmidt to help him develop a working model. In due course a patent was issued to Goldschmidt and Einstein on January 10, 1934.In 1934, Goldschmidt emigrated to England. He kept up his correspondence with Einstein until his death in Bournemouth in 1950.".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt thumbnail Goldschmidt_tone_wheel.jpg?width=300.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageID "2913374".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageLength "4174".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageOutDegree "37".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageRevisionID "706023901".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Albert_Einstein.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Amplitude_modulation.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Beat_frequency_oscillator.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Bournemouth.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Category:1876_births.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Category:1950_deaths.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Category:Albert_Einstein.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Category:German_engineers.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Category:Otology.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Continuous_wave.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Damped_wave.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Darmstadt.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Electronic_organ.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Engineer.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Germany.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Goldschmidt_alternator.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Heterodyne.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Invention.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink London.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Longwave.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Mecklenburg.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Morse_code.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Neubukow.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Radio_receiver.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Regenerative_circuit.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Spark-gap_transmitter.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Tonewheel.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Transmitter.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Vacuum_tube.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Wireless_telegraphy.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink Woodrow_Wilson.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLink File:Goldschmidt_tone_wheel.jpg.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageWikiLinkText "Rudolf Goldschmidt".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt subject Category:1876_births.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt subject Category:1950_deaths.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt subject Category:Albert_Einstein.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt subject Category:German_engineers.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt subject Category:Otology.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt hypernym Engineer.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt type Person.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt type Scientist.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt type Scientist.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt type Thing.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt comment "Rudolf Goldschmidt (March 19, 1876, Neubukow, Mecklenburg – 1950, London) was a German engineer and inventor.Goldschmidt was born in Neubukow and earned an engineering degree in 1898. He spent the following decade working in England with major firms such as Westinghouse. Subsequently he returned to Germany and eventually became a professor at Darmstadt.In 1908 he developed a rotating radio-frequency machine, the Goldschmidt alternator, which was used as an early radio transmitter.".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt label "Rudolf Goldschmidt".
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt sameAs Q119492.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt sameAs Rudolf_Goldschmidt.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt sameAs Rudolf_Goldschmidt.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt sameAs m.08c5rc.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt sameAs Q119492.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt wasDerivedFrom Rudolf_Goldschmidt?oldid=706023901.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt depiction Goldschmidt_tone_wheel.jpg.
- Rudolf_Goldschmidt isPrimaryTopicOf Rudolf_Goldschmidt.