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- Robert_Durrer abstract "Robert Durrer (1890 – 1978) was a Swiss engineer who developed the basic oxygen steelmaking process (the Linz-Donawitz process, named after the towns where the technology was commercialized). The process was successfully tested by Durrer in 1948 and further refined and implemented by VÖEST and ÖAMG in Austria, independently of the \"big steel\" establishment of the United States and the Ruhr.Durrer graduated from the Aachen University in 1915. He stayed in Germany and in 1928 accepted the chair of the Professor of Metallurgy at the Berlin Institute of Technology. In 1943 Durrer returned from Nazi Germany to Switzerland and was appointed to the board of von Roll AG, the country's largest steelmaker. Durrer teamed up with Heinrich Heilbrugge and ran a series of experiments that established commercial viability of basic oxygen metallurgy. In 1947 Durrer ordered a small experimental converter from the United States, and on April 1, 1948 Durrer and Heilbrugge produced their first oxygen-blown steel.In the summer of 1948 von Roll AG and two Austrian state-owned companies, VÖEST and ÖAMG, agreed to commercialize the Durrer process. Their commercial converter furnaces were put into operation in November 1952 (VÖEST in Linz) and May 1953 (ÖAMG, Donawitz) and temporarily became the leading edge of the world's steelmaking, causing a surge in steel-related research. The big American steelmakers did not catch up to the new technology: U.S. Steel and Bethlehem Steel introduced oxygen process only in 1964. Japan, on the contrary, became an early adopter and by 1970 produced 80% of its steel in Linz-Donawitz furnaces. Durrer's contribution to practical steelmaking was marked by the AIME Benjamin F. Fairless Award, 1966. etc.Durrer was a Professor at ETH Zurich from 1943 to 1961. He edited and co-authored the multi-volume Metallurgie des Eisens (Metallurgy of Iron, or the \"Gmelin-Durrer\"). The annual Staudinger-Durrer Prize awarded by ETH Zurich commemorates Durrer along with Nobel Prize winner Hermann Staudinger.".
- Robert_Durrer birthDate "1890".
- Robert_Durrer birthYear "1890".
- Robert_Durrer deathDate "1978".
- Robert_Durrer deathYear "1978".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageExternalLink books?id=2Xj1qt1daHAC.
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- Robert_Durrer wikiPageID "27486268".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageLength "4446".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageOutDegree "28".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageRevisionID "659446850".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink American_Institute_of_Mining,_Metallurgical,_and_Petroleum_Engineers.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Basic_oxygen_steelmaking.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Bethlehem_Steel.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:1890_births.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:1978_deaths.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bessemer_Gold_Medal.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:ETH_Zurich_faculty.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:Metallurgists.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:RWTH_Aachen_University_alumni.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:Swiss_engineers.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:Swiss_scientists.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Category:Technical_University_of_Berlin_faculty.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink ETH_Zurich.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Heinrich_Heilbrugge.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Hermann_Staudinger.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Japan.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Linz.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Nazi_Germany.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Nobel_Prize.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink RWTH_Aachen_University.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Ruhr.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Switzerland.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Technical_University_of_Berlin.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink U.S._Steel.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Voestalpine.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLink Von_Roll_Holding.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageWikiLinkText "Robert Durrer".
- Robert_Durrer dateOfBirth "1890".
- Robert_Durrer dateOfDeath "1978".
- Robert_Durrer name "Durrer, Robert".
- Robert_Durrer name "Robert Durrer".
- Robert_Durrer shortDescription "Swiss engineer".
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Birth-year.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Death_year_and_age.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_person.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Persondata.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refbegin.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refend.
- Robert_Durrer wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Robert_Durrer description "Swiss engineer".
- Robert_Durrer description "Swiss engineer".
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:1890_births.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:1978_deaths.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:Bessemer_Gold_Medal.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:ETH_Zurich_faculty.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:Metallurgists.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:RWTH_Aachen_University_alumni.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:Swiss_engineers.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:Swiss_scientists.
- Robert_Durrer subject Category:Technical_University_of_Berlin_faculty.
- Robert_Durrer hypernym Engineer.
- Robert_Durrer type Agent.
- Robert_Durrer type Person.
- Robert_Durrer type Scientist.
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- Robert_Durrer type Metallurgist.
- Robert_Durrer type Scholar.
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- Robert_Durrer type Agent.
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- Robert_Durrer type Q215627.
- Robert_Durrer type Q5.
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- Robert_Durrer comment "Robert Durrer (1890 – 1978) was a Swiss engineer who developed the basic oxygen steelmaking process (the Linz-Donawitz process, named after the towns where the technology was commercialized). The process was successfully tested by Durrer in 1948 and further refined and implemented by VÖEST and ÖAMG in Austria, independently of the \"big steel\" establishment of the United States and the Ruhr.Durrer graduated from the Aachen University in 1915.".
- Robert_Durrer label "Robert Durrer".
- Robert_Durrer sameAs Q3435010.
- Robert_Durrer sameAs Robert_Durrer_(Metallurg).
- Robert_Durrer sameAs Robert_Durrer.
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- Robert_Durrer wasDerivedFrom Robert_Durrer?oldid=659446850.
- Robert_Durrer givenName "Robert".
- Robert_Durrer isPrimaryTopicOf Robert_Durrer.
- Robert_Durrer name "Durrer, Robert".
- Robert_Durrer name "Robert Durrer".
- Robert_Durrer surname "Durrer".