Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Relative_age_effect> ?p ?o }
- Relative_age_effect abstract "The term relative age effect (RAE) is used to describe a bias, evident in the upper echelons of youth sport and academia, where participation is higher amongst those born early in the relevant selection period (and correspondingly lower amongst those born late in the selection period) than would be expected from the normalised distribution of live births. The selection period is usually the calendar year, the academic year or the sporting season.The term month of birth bias is also used to describe the effect and season of birth bias is used to describe similar effects driven by different hypothesised mechanisms.The bias results from the common use of age related systems, for organizing youth sports competition and academic cohorts, based on specific cut-off dates to establish eligibility for inclusion. Typically a child born after the cut-off date is included in a cohort and a child born before the cut-off date is excluded from it.The most commonly used cut-off date for youth international sporting competition is 1 January. The IOC and FIFA and the 6 international football confederations (AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC and UEFA) all use 1 January as their administrative cut-off date when determining an athlete's eligibility to compete in youth competitions, children born before a specified cut-off date are excluded.Cut-off dates for academic cohort structuring, including the setting of academic years, are usually determined by national education authorities and tend to be based on autumn start dates, so August or September cut-off dates are common in the Northern Hemisphere and February or March cut-off dates are common in the Southern Hemisphere. This tendency reflects the historical need for children to be involved in summer-time agricultural work with school starting after harvesting.Malcolm Gladwell's book Outliers: The Story of Success and SuperFreakonomics by Steven Levitt and Stephen Dubner have popularised the issue in respect of Canadian ice-hockey players, European football players and US Major League baseball players.The expected distribution of births in any given month across a population correlates closely to the number of days in the month, with February as the shortest month having the fewest births. The first graph shows the distribution of births, by month, for the European Union over the ten years from 2000 to 2009. There is a slight but clearly perceptible increase in the birth rate in the summer months.A ‘relative age effect’ is illustrated in the second graph by the month of birth distribution of over 4,000 youth players involved in the qualifying squads for U17, U19 and U21 tournaments organised by UEFA in 2010/11.A ‘relative age effect’ in academia is illustrated in the third graph which shows the % deviation from month of birth profile norms evident in graduations from Oxford University over a 10-year period. Academic relative age effects seem to be moderated by culture.Whilst an over-representation of early-born participation is evident in the aspirational fields of elite sport and education there is also evidence of a corresponding disproportionate over-representation of late-born children in epidemiologically defined cohorts exhibiting conditions such as ADHD, schizophrenia and obesity.".
- Relative_age_effect thumbnail Oxford_10_years.png?width=300.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink Annual_Age_Grouping_and_Athlete_Development__A.5.aspx.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink show.cgi?fid=121783.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 1001.4070.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink bjsports-2012-091535.abstract.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q&f=false.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink ceedp93.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 507.full.pdf+html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 644.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 1012690212462832.full.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 174.abstract.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink article.cgi?issn=07651597&issue=v23i3-4&article=149_idlddnpdjdff.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink journal.pone.0122988.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink page-1.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink v54_n1-2_p133.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink abstract.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink sporting_chance_relative_age2.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink papers.cfm?abstract_id=2148627.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 520.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 44.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 587.full.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 2042533313492514.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink reload=0;jsessionid=gfS3RGjEZlPVUh9QAlBq.0.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 19538534.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink islj_2011_1-2.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink uk-politics-21579484.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 18891749.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 20073058099.html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 20073172764.html;jsessionid=997F7C140A6410E7FB3B8C121EDCC01A.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 109784-birthdate-effects-a-review-of-the-literature-from-1990-on.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink get-file.ashx?itemtype=document&id=1618.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 755.abstract.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink j$002fjqas.2010.6.4$002fjqas.2010.6.4.1227$002fjqas.2010.6.4.1227.xml;jsessionid=C5C27ABBE1A8EBCC8498E024D10BBFD8.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink RelativeAgeEffectSportsHelsenEtAl_2005.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink Family-Planning-Football-Style-The-Relative-Age-Effect-in-Football.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 120.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink art00009.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink romann_final.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink tde_issue_1-2009_05_schorer_et_al.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink journal.pone.0128856.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink MathSport2015Proceedings.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 2281033a0.html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 370186a0.html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 370186b0.html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 18627551.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 19000100.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 18-Influence-of-Relative-%20Age.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 07wwln_freak.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink the_boys_of_late_summer.html.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink RelAgeMinorHockeyCJBS.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 2011_month_birth.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 02640410902926438.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 02640410903220328.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 02640414.2011.574719.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink .UcaD8BbiOao.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 13598139.2010.488084.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 17461391.2011.606841.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 17461391.2011.635699.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink .Ud0QaDtM-qI.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 17461391.2012.671369.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink .UsawIBYv5G5.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink ECOLET5571.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 320337.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink 6561.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageExternalLink ability_grouping.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageID "37328605".
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageLength "32058".
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageOutDegree "33".
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageRevisionID "707939059".
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Academic_term.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Academic_year.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Asian_Football_Confederation.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink CONCACAF.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink CONMEBOL.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Calendar_year.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Academia.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ageism.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Education.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Epidemiology.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Social_anthropology.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sports_science.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Confederation_of_African_Football.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Epidemiology.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink European_Union.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink FIFA.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink File:EU_27_nations_birth_distribution_by_month_2000_to_2010.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink File:Month_of_birth_distribution_UEFA_youth_tournaments_2010.pdf.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink International_Olympic_Committee.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink International_Review_for_the_Sociology_of_Sport.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Multi-age_classroom.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Northern_Hemisphere.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Obesity.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Oceania_Football_Confederation.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Outliers_(book).
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Schizophrenia.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Season_(sports).
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink Southern_Hemisphere.
- Relative_age_effect wikiPageWikiLink SuperFreakonomics.