Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Protein> ?p ?o }
- Protein abstract "Proteins (/ˈproʊˌtiːnz/ or /ˈproʊti.ᵻnz/) are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within living organisms, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, responding to stimuli, and transporting molecules from one location to another. Proteins differ from one another primarily in their sequence of amino acids, which is dictated by the nucleotide sequence of their genes, and which usually results in protein folding into a specific three-dimensional structure that determines its activity.A linear chain of amino acid residues is called a polypeptide. A protein contains at least one long polypeptide. Short polypeptides, containing less than 20-30 residues, are rarely considered to be proteins and are commonly called peptides, or sometimes oligopeptides. The individual amino acid residues are bonded together by peptide bonds and adjacent amino acid residues. The sequence of amino acid residues in a protein is defined by the sequence of a gene, which is encoded in the genetic code. In general, the genetic code specifies 20 standard amino acids; however, in certain organisms the genetic code can include selenocysteine and—in certain archaea—pyrrolysine. Shortly after or even during synthesis, the residues in a protein are often chemically modified by posttranslational modification, which alters the physical and chemical properties, folding, stability, activity, and ultimately, the function of the proteins. Sometimes proteins have non-peptide groups attached, which can be called prosthetic groups or cofactors. Proteins can also work together to achieve a particular function, and they often associate to form stable protein complexes.Once formed, proteins only exist for a certain period of time and are then degraded and recycled by the cell's machinery through the process of protein turnover. A protein's lifespan is measured in terms of its half-life and covers a wide range. They can exist for minutes or years with an average lifespan of 1–2 days in mammalian cells. Abnormal and or misfolded proteins are degraded more rapidly either due to being targeted for destruction or due to being unstable.Like other biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides and nucleic acids, proteins are essential parts of organisms and participate in virtually every process within cells. Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions and are vital to metabolism. Proteins also have structural or mechanical functions, such as actin and myosin in muscle and the proteins in the cytoskeleton, which form a system of scaffolding that maintains cell shape. Other proteins are important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, and the cell cycle. Proteins are also necessary in animals' diets, since animals cannot synthesize all the amino acids they need and must obtain essential amino acids from food. Through the process of digestion, animals break down ingested protein into free amino acids that are then used in metabolism.Proteins may be purified from other cellular components using a variety of techniques such as ultracentrifugation, precipitation, electrophoresis, and chromatography; the advent of genetic engineering has made possible a number of methods to facilitate purification. Methods commonly used to study protein structure and function include immunohistochemistry, site-directed mutagenesis, X-ray crystallography, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.".
- Protein thumbnail Myoglobin.png?width=300.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.nextprot.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.proteinatlas.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.rcsb.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink ctd.mdibl.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink folding.stanford.edu.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink harvester.fzk.de.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink an-introduction-to-proteins.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink proteins.shtml.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.expasy.uniprot.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.hprd.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.humanproteinpedia.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink pn-utility.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink entrez?db=protein.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink entrez?db=structure.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.pdbe.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink quips.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink www.proteopedia.org.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
- Protein wikiPageExternalLink mopedAbout.jsf.
- Protein wikiPageID "23634".
- Protein wikiPageLength "68828".
- Protein wikiPageOutDegree "453".
- Protein wikiPageRevisionID "704146991".
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Acid.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Actin.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Active_site.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Adaptive_immune_system.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Adenine.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_and_beta_carbon.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_helix.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Amine.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid_synthesis.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Aminoacyl_tRNA_synthetase.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Angiogenin.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Antibody.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Antigen.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_François,_comte_de_Fourcroy.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Archaea.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Armour_and_Company.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Aspartate_kinase.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Aspartic_acid.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Atom.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_mass_unit.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink B_cell.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Base_pair.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Beta_sheet.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Binding_site.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Biochemistry.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Bioinformatics.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Biomolecular_structure.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Biomolecule.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Blood.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink C-terminus.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Carboxylic_acid.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Carl_von_Voit.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cartesian_coordinate_system.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cartilage.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Catalysis.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Category:Molecular_biology.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Category:Proteins.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Category:Proteomics.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_adhesion.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_biology.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_cycle.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_membrane.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_nucleus.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cell_signaling.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Chaperone_(protein).
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_bond.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_ligation.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_polarity.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Chromatography.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Circular_dichroism.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Citric_acid_cycle.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Clustal.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Coagulation.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cofactor_(biochemistry).
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Collagen.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Colloid.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Conformational_change.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Conformational_isomerism.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Connecticut_Agricultural_Experiment_Station.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Connective_tissue.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Coplanarity.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cryo-electron_microscopy.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Crystallization.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cyclol.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cytolysis.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cytoplasm.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Cytoskeleton.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink DNA-binding_protein.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink DNA_repair.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink DNA_replication.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Dehydration.
- Protein wikiPageWikiLink Denaturation_(biochemistry).