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- Proper_orbital_elements abstract "The proper orbital elements of an orbit are constants of motion of an object in space that remain practically unchanged over an astronomically long timescale. The term is usually used to describe the three quantities:proper semimajor axis (ap),proper eccentricity (ep), and proper inclination (ip).The proper elements can be contrasted with the osculating Keplerian orbital elements observed at a particular time or epoch, such as the semi-major axis, eccentricity, and inclination. Those osculating elements change in a quasi-periodic and (in principle) predictable manner due to such effects as perturbations from planets or other bodies, and precession (e.g. perihelion precession). In the Solar System, such changes usually occur on timescales of thousands of years, while proper elements are meant to be practically constant over at least tens of millions of years. For most bodies, the osculating elements are relatively close to the proper elements because precession and perturbation effects are relatively small (See diagram). For over 99% of asteroids in the asteroid belt, the differences are less than 0.02 AU (for semi-major axis a), 0.1 (for eccentricity e), and 2° (for inclination i). Nevertheless, this difference is non-negligible for any purposes where precision is of importance. As an example, the asteroid Ceres has osculating orbital elements (at epoch November 26, 2005)while its proper orbital elements (independent of epoch) areA notable exception to this small-difference rule are asteroids lying in the Kirkwood gaps, which are in strong orbital resonance with Jupiter.To obtain proper elements for an object, one usually conducts a detailed simulation of its motion over timespans of several millions of years. Such a simulation must take into account many details of celestial mechanics including perturbations by the planets. Subsequently, one extracts quantities from the simulation which remain unchanged over this long timespan; for example, the mean inclination, eccentricity, and semi-major axis. These are the proper orbital elements.Historically, various approximate analytic calculations were made, starting with those of Kiyotsugu Hirayama in the early 20th century. Later analytic methods often included thousands of perturbing corrections for each particular object. Presently, the method of choice is to use a computer to numerically integrate the equations of celestial dynamics, and extract constants of motion directly from a numerical analysis of the predicted positions. At present the most prominent use of proper orbital elements is in the study of asteroid families, following in the footsteps of the pioneering work of Hirayama. As a Mars-crosser asteroid 132 Aethra is the lowest numbered asteroid to not have any proper orbital elements.".
- Proper_orbital_elements thumbnail Proper_osculating_element_difference.png?width=300.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageExternalLink index.php?pc=5.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageID "3572231".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageLength "4764".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageOutDegree "34".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageRevisionID "683354442".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink 132_Aethra.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Apsidal_precession.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Asteroid.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Asteroid_belt.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Asteroid_family.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Astronomical_unit.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Category:Orbits.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Celestial_mechanics.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Ceres_(dwarf_planet).
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Epoch_(astronomy).
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink File:Proper_osculating_element_difference.png.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Kirkwood_gap.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Kiyotsugu_Hirayama.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Mars-crossing_minor_planets.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Orbital_eccentricity.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Orbital_elements.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Orbital_inclination.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Osculating_orbit.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Perturbation_(astronomy).
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Quasiperiodic_motion.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Semi-major_axis.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink Solar_System.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLink File:Asteroid_osculating_vs_proper_elements.png.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "Proper orbital elements".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "Proper".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "proper orbital element".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "proper orbital elements".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "proper orbital period".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageWikiLinkText "proper orbital periods".
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citations_missing.
- Proper_orbital_elements wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Proper_orbital_elements subject Category:Orbits.
- Proper_orbital_elements hypernym Constants.
- Proper_orbital_elements type Astrodynamic.
- Proper_orbital_elements comment "The proper orbital elements of an orbit are constants of motion of an object in space that remain practically unchanged over an astronomically long timescale. The term is usually used to describe the three quantities:proper semimajor axis (ap),proper eccentricity (ep), and proper inclination (ip).The proper elements can be contrasted with the osculating Keplerian orbital elements observed at a particular time or epoch, such as the semi-major axis, eccentricity, and inclination.".
- Proper_orbital_elements label "Proper orbital elements".
- Proper_orbital_elements sameAs Q6963882.
- Proper_orbital_elements sameAs Իրական_ուղեծրի_էլեմենտներ.
- Proper_orbital_elements sameAs m.09mcjp.
- Proper_orbital_elements sameAs Lastni_elementi_tira.
- Proper_orbital_elements sameAs Q6963882.
- Proper_orbital_elements wasDerivedFrom Proper_orbital_elements?oldid=683354442.
- Proper_orbital_elements depiction Proper_osculating_element_difference.png.
- Proper_orbital_elements isPrimaryTopicOf Proper_orbital_elements.