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- Photovoltaic_effect abstract "The photovoltaic effect is the creation of voltage or electric current in a material upon exposure to light and is a physical and chemical phenomenon.The standard and obvious photovoltaic effect is directly related to the photoelectric effect, though they are different processes. When the sunlight or any other light is incident upon a material surface, the electrons present in the valence band absorb energy and, being excited, jump to the conduction band and become free. The chemical bonds of the material are vital for the process to work, as crystallized atoms are ionized and create a chemical electric imbalance, driving the electrons. These highly excited, non-thermal electrons diffuse, and some reach a junction where they are accelerated into a different material by a built-in potential (Galvani potential). This generates an electromotive force, and thus some of the light energy is converted into electric energy. The photovoltaic effect can also occur when two photons are absorbed simultaneously in a process called two-photon photovoltaic effect. Due to the importance of the chemical structure of the absorbing material, silicon is often used, either bonded with boron or phosphorus. This is due to the semi-conducting ability of the metalloid and its bonding-potential, which is almost identical to carbon.The photovoltaic effect was first observed by French physicist A. E. Becquerel in 1839. He explained his discovery in Les Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, \"the production of an electric current when two plates of platinum or gold diving in an acid, neutral, or alkaline solution are exposed in an uneven way to solar radiation.\"In the photoelectric effect, by contrast, electrons are ejected from a material's surface into vacuum, upon exposure to light. This also generates some electric energy (as the ejected electron is eventually captured on another electrode), though there is typically a high photon energy threshold. The photovoltaic effect differs in that the excited electrons pass directly from one material to another, avoiding the difficult step of passing through the vacuum in between.Besides the direct excitation of free electrons, a photovoltaic effect can also arise simply due to the heating caused by absorption of the light. The heating leads to an increase in temperature, which is accompanied by temperature gradients. These thermal gradients in turn may generate a voltage through the Seebeck effect. Whether direct excitation or thermal effects dominate the photovoltaic effect will depend on many material parameters.In most photovoltaic applications the radiation is sunlight, and the devices are called solar cells. In the case of a p-n junction solar cell, illuminating the material creates an electric current as excited electrons and the remaining holes are swept in different directions by the built-in electric field of the depletion region.".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageID "2003406".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageLength "3900".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageOutDegree "32".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageRevisionID "705493284".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Boron.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Carbon.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Electrical_phenomena.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Energy_conversion.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Photovoltaics.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Physical_chemistry.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_bond.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_substance.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Comptes_rendus_de_lAcadxc3xa9mie_des_sciences.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Edmond_Becquerel.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Electric_current.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Electromotive_force.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Electron.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Galvani_potential.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Ion.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Light.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Metalloid.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Phosphorus.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Photoelectric_effect.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Physical_property.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink P–n_junction.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Radiation.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Silicon.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Solar_cell.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Theory_of_solar_cells.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Thermoelectric_effect.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Two-photon_photovoltaic_effect.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Valence_and_conduction_bands.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Voltage.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fotons.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Photovoltaic effect".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "photovoltaic effect".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "photovoltaic".
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Photovoltaic_effect wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Solar_energy.
- Photovoltaic_effect subject Category:Electrical_phenomena.
- Photovoltaic_effect subject Category:Energy_conversion.
- Photovoltaic_effect subject Category:Photovoltaics.
- Photovoltaic_effect subject Category:Physical_chemistry.
- Photovoltaic_effect subject Category:Fotons.
- Photovoltaic_effect hypernym Creation.
- Photovoltaic_effect type Organisation.
- Photovoltaic_effect type Application.
- Photovoltaic_effect type Photovoltaic.
- Photovoltaic_effect type Redirect.
- Photovoltaic_effect comment "The photovoltaic effect is the creation of voltage or electric current in a material upon exposure to light and is a physical and chemical phenomenon.The standard and obvious photovoltaic effect is directly related to the photoelectric effect, though they are different processes. When the sunlight or any other light is incident upon a material surface, the electrons present in the valence band absorb energy and, being excited, jump to the conduction band and become free.".
- Photovoltaic_effect label "Photovoltaic effect".
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Q2075856.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs تأثير_ضوئي_جهدي.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Фотоволтаичен_ефект.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs আলোক-বিভব_ক্রিয়া.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Fotovoltaický_jev.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Φωτοβολταϊκό_φαινόμενο.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Conversión_fotovoltaica.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs اثر_فوتوولتاییک.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Effet_photovoltaïque.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Iarmhairt_fhótavoltach.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Effetto_fotovoltaico.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs 光起電力効果.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Фотонапонски_ефект.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Fotovoltaisk_effekt.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Zjawisko_fotowoltaiczne.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Efeito_fotovoltaico.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs m.064r6j9.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Фотовольтаический_эффект.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs Q2075856.
- Photovoltaic_effect sameAs 光生伏打效应.
- Photovoltaic_effect wasDerivedFrom Photovoltaic_effect?oldid=705493284.
- Photovoltaic_effect isPrimaryTopicOf Photovoltaic_effect.