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- Peranema abstract "Peranema is a genus of free-living flagellate protists, with more than 20 accepted species, varying in size between 8 and 200 micrometers. They are found in freshwater lakes, ponds and ditches, and are often abundant at the bottom of stagnant pools rich in decaying organic material. Although they belong to the class Euglenoidea, and are morphologically similar to the green Euglena, Peranema have no chloroplasts, and cannot feed by autotrophy. Instead, they capture live prey, such as yeast, bacteria and other flagellates, consuming them with the help of a rigid feeding apparatus called a \"rod-organ.\" Unlike the green Euglenids, they lack both an eyespot (stigma), and the paraflagellar body (photoreceptor) that is normally coupled with that organelle. However, while Peranema lack a localized photoreceptor, they do possess the light-sensitive protein rhodopsin, and respond to changes in light with a characteristic \"curling behaviour.\"The earliest record of a Peranema is in O.F. Müller's Animalcula Infusoria of 1786, which describes an \"elongated linear\" creature, \"stretched out at the front.\" Müller named it Vibrio strictus, placing it among the \"long-necked\" infusoria, along with Lacrymaria olor and Dileptus. The species Peranema trichophorum was seen and described in 1838 by C.G. Ehrenberg, who, like Müller before him, took the flagellum for a necklike extension of the body, and placed it in the ciliate genus Trachelius. Peranema was correctly identified as a flagellate by Félix Dujardin, who created the genus in 1842, giving it the name Pyronema, for its pyriform (pear-shaped) body. However, because that name had already been applied to a genus of fungi, he amended the genus to Peranema, formed from the Greek πέρα (a leather purse or sack) and νήμα (a thread). Unfortunately, this name had also been claimed earlier, for a genus of ferns first collected in Nepal. As a result, botanists, following the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, customarily refer to the protist Peranema as Pseudoperanema; whereas protozoologists, following the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, have continued to call the genus by the name Dujardin gave it.".
- Peranema class Euglenid.
- Peranema domain Eukaryote.
- Peranema family Peranemaceae.
- Peranema kingdom Protist.
- Peranema order Euglena.
- Peranema phylum Euglenozoa.
- Peranema thumbnail Peranema.jpg?width=300.
- Peranema wikiPageID "33703365".
- Peranema wikiPageLength "14272".
- Peranema wikiPageOutDegree "90".
- Peranema wikiPageRevisionID "684556257".
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink (Ehrenberg)_Stein.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Astasis.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Autotroph.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Basal_(phylogenetics).
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Basal_body.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Category:Articles_containing_video_clips.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Category:Euglenozoa.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Category:Protist_genera.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Chloroplast.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Christian_Gottfried_Ehrenberg.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Cytostome.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink David_J._Patterson.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Dileptus.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Ekebom.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Esophagus.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Euglena.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Euglenid.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Euglenozoa.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Eukaryote.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Eyespot_apparatus.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink F._Dujardin.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Flagellate.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Félix_Dujardin.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Georg_Klebs.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink George_Israel_Playfair.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Heinrich_Leonhards_Skuja.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink International_Code_of_Nomenclature_for_algae,_fungi,_and_plants.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Jacob_Larsen_(scientist).
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Lacrymaria_olor.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Microtubule.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Monophyly.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Organelle.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Otto_Friedrich_Müller.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Penard.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_asperum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_asperum_var._rectangulare.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_cryptocercum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_cuneatum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_curvicauda.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_deflexum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_dolichonema.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_furcatum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_fusiforme.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_glabrum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_globulosa.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_granuliferum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_hyalinum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_inflexum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_kupfferi.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_limax.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_macromastix.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_macrostoma.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_nigrum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_ovale.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_pleururum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_sacculus.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_trichophorum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranema_truncatum.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peranemaceae.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Peristalsis.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Phagocytosis.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Popov.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Protist.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Protoplasm.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Protozoa.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Rhodopsin.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Skvortzov.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Van_Ove.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink Vörs.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink File:Muller_Vibrio_strictus.jpg.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink File:Peranema_diagram_2.jpg.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink File:Peranema_in_phase_contrast.ogv.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink File:Peranema_species.ogv.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLink File:Saville-kent_peranema.jpg.
- Peranema wikiPageWikiLinkText "Peranema".
- Peranema caption "Peranema sp.".
- Peranema classis Euglenid.
- Peranema domain Eukaryote.
- Peranema familia Peranemaceae.
- Peranema genus "Peranema".
- Peranema genusAuthority "Dujardin, 1841".
- Peranema imageWidth "240".
- Peranema ordo Euglena.
- Peranema phylum Euglenozoa.
- Peranema regnum Protist.
- Peranema subdivision "See text".
- Peranema subdivisionRanks "Species".