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- Parihaka abstract "Parihaka is a small community in the Taranaki region of New Zealand, located between Mount Taranaki and the Tasman Sea. In the 1870s and 1880s the settlement, then reputed to be the largest Māori village in New Zealand, became the centre of a major campaign of non-violent resistance to European occupation of confiscated land in the area.The village was founded about 1866 by Māori chiefs Te Whiti o Rongomai and Tohu Kakahi on land seized by the government during the post-war land confiscations of the 1860s. The population of the village grew to more than 2000, attracting Māori who had been dispossessed of their land by confiscations and impressing European visitors with its cleanliness and industry, and its extensive cultivations producing cash crops as well as food sufficient to feed its inhabitants.When an influx of European settlers in Taranaki created a demand for farmland that outstripped the availability, the Grey government stepped up efforts to secure title to land it had confiscated but subsequently not taken up for settlement. From 1876 some Māori in Taranaki accepted \"no fault\" payments called takoha compensation, while some hapu, or sub-tribal groups, outside the confiscation zone took the Government's payments to allow surveying and settlement. Māori near Parihaka and the Waimate Plains rejected the payments, however, and the government responded by drawing up plans to take the land by force. In late 1878 the government began surveying the land and offering it for sale. Te Whiti and Tohu responded with a series of non-violent campaigns in which they first ploughed settlers' farmland and later erected fences across roadways to impress upon the government their right to occupy the confiscated land to which they believed they still had rights, given the government's failure to provide the reserves it had promised. The campaigns sparked a series of arrests, resulting in more than 400 Māori being jailed in the South Island, where they remained without trial for as long as 16 months with the aid of a series of new repressive laws.As fears grew among white settlers that the resistance campaign was a prelude to renewed armed conflict, the Hall Government began planning a military assault at Parihaka to close it down. Pressured by Native Minister John Bryce, the government finally acted in late October 1881 while the sympathetic Governor was out of the country. Led by Bryce, on horseback, 1600 troops and cavalry entered the village at dawn on 5 November 1881. The soldiers were greeted with hundreds of skipping and singing children offering them food. Te Whiti and Tohu were arrested and jailed for 16 months, 1600 Parihaka inhabitants were expelled and dispersed throughout Taranaki without food or shelter and the remaining 600 residents were issued with government passes to control their movement. Soldiers looted and destroyed most of the buildings at Parihaka. Land that had been promised as reserves by a commission of inquiry into land confiscations was later seized and sold to cover the cost of crushing Te Whiti's resistance, while others were leased to European settlers, shutting Māori out of involvement in the decisions over land use.In a major 1996 report, the Waitangi Tribunal claimed the events at Parihaka provided a graphic display of government antagonism to any show of Māori political independence. It noted: \"A vibrant and productive Māori community was destroyed and total State control of all matters Māori, with full power over the Māori social order, was sought.\" Historian Hazel Riseborough also believed the central issue motivating the invasion was mana: \"Europeans were concerned about their superiority and dominance which, it seemed to them, could be assured only by destroying Te Whiti's mana. As long as he remained at Parihaka he constituted a threat to European supremacy in that he offered his people an alternative to the way of life the European sought to impose on them.\"The Parihaka International Peace Festival has been held annually there since 2006.".
- Parihaka country New_Zealand.
- Parihaka isPartOf South_Taranaki_District.
- Parihaka isPartOf Taranaki.
- Parihaka thumbnail Parihaka-1.jpg?width=300.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink view.php?id=38.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink NgatiMutungaSummary.pdf.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink GlobalBitsParihakawebversion.pdf.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink 2000_08c_single.html.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink parihaka.html.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink www.parihaka.com.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink summary.asp?reportid=3FECC540-D049-4DE6-A7F0-C26BCCDAB345.
- Parihaka wikiPageExternalLink parihaka07.htm.
- Parihaka wikiPageID "314175".
- Parihaka wikiPageLength "65988".
- Parihaka wikiPageOutDegree "133".
- Parihaka wikiPageRevisionID "678566916".
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Armstrong_Gun.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_Hamilton-Gordon,_1st_Baron_Stanmore.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Jericho.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Taranaki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Category:New_Zealand_Wars.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nonviolent_resistance_movements.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Category:Populated_places_in_Taranaki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Category:South_Taranaki_District.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_Pollen.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Dick_Scott_(historian).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Dillon_Bell.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Dunedin.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Stafford_(politician).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Executive_Council_of_New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Fiji.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink File:Tohu_Kakahi_(1881).jpg.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink First_Taranaki_War.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink George_Grey.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Harry_Atkinson.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Harry_Dansey.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Hawera.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Herbs_(band).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Hercules_Robinson,_1st_Baron_Rosmead.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Hokitika.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Hone_Tawhai.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Hutt_Valley.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Inglewood,_New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink James_Prendergast_(judge).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink John_Ballance.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink John_Bryce.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink John_Hall_(New_Zealand_politician).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink John_Sheehan_(politician).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Justice_of_the_peace.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Lyttelton,_New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Mana.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Manaia,_Taranaki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Marae.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Marton–New_Plymouth_Line.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Mervyn_Thompson.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Minister_of_Māori_Affairs.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Mount_Taranaki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Māori_electorates.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Māori_people.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink New_Plymouth.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink New_Zealand_Wars.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink New_Zealand_land_confiscations.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ngā_Rauru.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ngā_Taonga_Sound_&_Vision.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ngāti_Mutunga.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ngāti_Ruanui.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ngāti_Tama.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Nonviolence.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Oakura.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Parihaka_(song).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Patea.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Public_trustee.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Puke_Ariki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Pukearuhe.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Pungarehu.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Pā.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Pākehā.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Rahotu.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Richard_Seddon.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Riot_Act.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Ripapa_Island.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Robert_Parris_(judge).
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Rūnanga.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Second_Taranaki_War.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Settler.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink South_Taranaki_District.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Stratford,_New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Taranaki.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Taranaki_Herald.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Tasman_Sea.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Te_Whiti_o_Rongomai.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Thames,_New_Zealand.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink The_New_Zealand_Herald.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Tim_Finn.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Titokowaru.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Titokowarus_War.
- Parihaka wikiPageWikiLink Tohu_Kakahi.