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- Operation_Northern_Watch abstract "Operation Northern Watch (ONW), the successor to Operation Provide Comfort, was a Combined Task Force (CTF) charged with enforcing its own no-fly zone above the 36th parallel in Iraq. Its mission began on 1 January 1997.The coalition partners of the United States, United Kingdom, and Turkey provided approximately 45 aircraft and more than 1,400 personnel to support Operation Northern Watch. The joint U.S. forces of some 1,100 U.S. personnel, included airmen, sailors, soldiers, as well as aircraft from every arm of the United States Armed Forces.The original mandate from the Turkish government allowed the operation to continue for six months. Turkey subsequently approved two 6-month extensions, but indicated that it would not become a permanent mission.For the first year of the mission, northern Iraq was quiet, with no combat between Coalition aircraft and Iraqi forces.Operation Northern Watch forces did not take part in Operation Desert Fox in December 1998. After Desert Fox, Iraq announced they would no longer recognize the no-fly zones and urged their troops to attack Coalition aircraft. On December 28, 1998 Iraq fired SA-3 surface to air missiles against coalition aircraft patrolling the northern no-fly zone. In response, U.S. Air Force (USAF) F-15Es, F-16Js, and U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) EA-6Bs launched anti-radiation missiles and dropped precision guided munitions (PGMs) on the SA-3 ground-based missile site that fired on the ONW aircraft, and destroyed it. From December 1998 to March 1999, U.S. aircraft over northern Iraq came under almost daily fire from Iraqi surface-to-air missile sites and anti-aircraft guns. U.S. aircraft responded by bombing Iraqi air-defense sites, using laser-guided bombs as well as AGM-88 HARM missiles and AGM-130 long range air-to-surface missiles. The first combat use of the AGM-130 was conducted during ONW.Coalition aircraft flew patrols on an average of 18 days per month, and were usually fired upon. The most common threat was from anti-aircraft guns. Despite Saddam Hussein offering a $14,000 reward for downing a Coalition aircraft, no warplanes were shot down.Low level conflict continued up until the invasion of Iraq in 2003, although the number of response incidents declined dramatically after 1999. The final combat air patrol occurred on 17 March 2003 (from the Incirlik Air Base). Six weeks later the operation concluded with an official stand down on 1 May 2003.A grand total of 36,000 sorties were flown during Operation Northern Watch, and 40,000 personnel had been deployed at some point during the operation. Operation Northern Watch was the longest combat operation in the history of the European Command.".
- Operation_Northern_Watch causalties "One F-16 damaged".
- Operation_Northern_Watch combatant "Iraq".
- Operation_Northern_Watch commander George_W._Bush.
- Operation_Northern_Watch commander Saddam_Hussein.
- Operation_Northern_Watch date "1997-01-01".
- Operation_Northern_Watch isPartOfMilitaryConflict Iraqi_no-fly_zones.
- Operation_Northern_Watch place Baathist_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch result "Invasion of Iraq".
- Operation_Northern_Watch strength "Around 50 aircraft and 1,400 personnel at any one time".
- Operation_Northern_Watch strength "Various Iraqi air defense forces".
- Operation_Northern_Watch thumbnail Jaguar_GR1As_54Sqn_RAF_2002.jpeg?width=300.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageExternalLink northern_watch.htm.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageID "7179668".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageLength "6166".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageOutDegree "46".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageRevisionID "706225930".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink 2003_invasion_of_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink 36th_parallel_north.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink AGM-130.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink AGM-88_HARM.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Aircraft.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Baathist_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Bombing_of_Iraq_(1998).
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Cabinet_of_Turkey.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:1997_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:1998_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:1999_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:2000_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:2001_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:2002_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:2003_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Aerial_bombing_operations_and_battles.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_1998.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_1999.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_2000.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_2001.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_2002.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_2003.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iraq–Turkey_relations.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iraq–United_Kingdom_relations.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iraq–United_States_relations.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_operations_involving_Australia.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_operations_involving_the_United_Kingdom.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_operations_involving_the_United_States.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Modern_history_of_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Category:No-fly_zone_operations.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Combat_air_patrol.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink George_W._Bush.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Incirlik_Air_Base.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Iraqi_no-fly_zones.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Laser-guided_bomb.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Operation_Provide_Comfort.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Operation_Southern_Watch.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Saddam_Hussein.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink Turkey.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Armed_Forces.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLink File:Jaguar_GR1As_54Sqn_RAF_2002.jpeg.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "NORTHERN WATCH".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Northern Watch".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Northern".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "ONW".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operation NORTHERN WATCH".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operation Northern Watch".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operation Northern".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operations NORTHERN WATCH".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operations Northern".
- Operation_Northern_Watch caption "Three British RAF Jaguars on a Northern Watch mission in September 2002.".
- Operation_Northern_Watch casualties "5".
- Operation_Northern_Watch casualties "One F-16 damaged".
- Operation_Northern_Watch combatant "Iraq".
- Operation_Northern_Watch commander "George W. Bush".
- Operation_Northern_Watch commander "Saddam Hussein".
- Operation_Northern_Watch conflict "Operation Northern Watch".
- Operation_Northern_Watch date "--01-01".
- Operation_Northern_Watch partof "the Iraqi no-fly zones".
- Operation_Northern_Watch place "Northern Iraq".
- Operation_Northern_Watch result 2003_invasion_of_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch strength "Around 50 aircraft and 1,400 personnel at any one time".
- Operation_Northern_Watch strength "Various Iraqi air defense forces".
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Campaignbox_Iraqi_no-fly_zones_conflict.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Coord_missing.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Flag.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Flagicon.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Flagicon_image.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_Military_Conflict.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:UK.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:USA.
- Operation_Northern_Watch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Use_dmy_dates.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:1997_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:1998_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:1999_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:2000_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:2001_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:2002_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:2003_in_Iraq.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:Aerial_bombing_operations_and_battles.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:Conflicts_in_1998.
- Operation_Northern_Watch subject Category:Conflicts_in_1999.