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- Novel_world_method abstract "The novel world method is a technique used in animal behaviour experiments that address questions on the evolution of warning signals (e.g. conspicuous colour patterns such as yellow and black stripes) that chemically defended prey (e.g. toxic insects) use to deter predators (i.e. aposematism), and also on warning signal mimicry. In the novel world, great tits (Parus major) are presented with a foraging task: they search and eat artificial prey in an indoor aviary built in a laboratory. The prey items are pieces of almond in paper shells that typically bear a black-and-white symbol as a signal (designed by the researcher) instead of a colour pattern. The prey are also presented on a black-and-white background. Novel world studies are “theoretical experiments” where for example the defence efficacy (bad taste), relative and absolute abundance, visibility or the degree of signal similarity of different prey types is manipulated, and the number of bird attacks on each prey type is recorded. Typical experiments test hypotheses on how predators learn through trial and error to avoid unpalatable prey, which prey traits facilitate avoidance learning and how those could in turn affect mortality of the prey types and therefore the evolution of their warning signals (see e.g. ).The novel world was first developed by professor Rauno Alatalo and professor Johanna Mappes to circumvent the methodological problem that predators such as adult birds may possess learned information about prey colours, and juvenile birds may also have genetically transmitted knowledge: bird species can, for instance, have innate tendencies to avoid certain colours. By bringing the predator into a novel environment where its knowledge about prey appearance had been nullified, the researchers aimed at a better understanding of the selection pressures that the first warning signals emerging in a prey population could have faced.By 2012, twenty articles based on novel world experiments had been published in scientific journals.".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageExternalLink novel-world.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageExternalLink novelworld.wmv.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageID "38301069".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageLength "4933".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageOutDegree "6".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageRevisionID "622033389".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Aposematism.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Category:Biology_experiments.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Evolutionary_pressure.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Great_tit.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Johanna_Mappes.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLink Mimicry.
- Novel_world_method wikiPageWikiLinkText "novel world method".
- Novel_world_method wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Novel_world_method subject Category:Biology_experiments.
- Novel_world_method hypernym Technique.
- Novel_world_method type TopicalConcept.
- Novel_world_method comment "The novel world method is a technique used in animal behaviour experiments that address questions on the evolution of warning signals (e.g. conspicuous colour patterns such as yellow and black stripes) that chemically defended prey (e.g. toxic insects) use to deter predators (i.e. aposematism), and also on warning signal mimicry. In the novel world, great tits (Parus major) are presented with a foraging task: they search and eat artificial prey in an indoor aviary built in a laboratory.".
- Novel_world_method label "Novel world method".
- Novel_world_method sameAs Q7064544.
- Novel_world_method sameAs m.0q3z_67.
- Novel_world_method sameAs Q7064544.
- Novel_world_method wasDerivedFrom Novel_world_method?oldid=622033389.
- Novel_world_method isPrimaryTopicOf Novel_world_method.