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- Network_era abstract "In television broadcasting, the Network Era refers to the period in American television history from 1952 to the mid-1980s, when the television market was controlled by a few large television networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC. This determination is established by institutional aspects that regularized television for the majority of the country, including the color television standard option.Early television evolved from the network organization of radio in the early 1940s. The three networks that rose to dominance, NBC, CBS, and ABC, were nearly non-conglomerated corporations that were based in the business center of New York. These networks were first established by radio and played a significant role in post war American identity. Because they had exclusive control of the market, there was no incentive for these corporations to take a financial risk in creating shows that catered to niche audiences.Conventions that defined the network era such as the television set, antenna and 30-second advertisements were not established immediately.Film studios and independent television producers only had three possible places to sell their media, so they were forced to comply with the practices established by the networks. Early television, like early radio, had only one advertiser that usually sponsored a single program. The networks eliminated that format and changed to multiple corporations purchasing commercials. In the 1950s the network era advertising style turned into a single sponsorship style (Situation in which a single corporation finances the costs that could have been earned if advertising were sold to sponsors.It also allows more cinematic Television) with the corporations being more about selling a product rather than an image. With this change, the broadcast had more control over the network because they had a magazine style format for advertisers. The thirty second ads dominated during the network era. While initially the single sponsorship system worked, it soon became clear this advertising strategy {single sponsorship}could not afford to pay for the continuous production cost. Scandals also became an issue with this system and this only further contributed to the development of a new advertising model called the \"participation format.\" For all involved, except the viewers,the participation format proved to be a far more beneficial advertising format. Not only was this system more cost sufficient in the production of television, networks also began to have a broader blend of advertisers.Television viewers of the network era had very few choices and extremely limited technology. The viewers were acceptive to the fact that there was limited programming choices. The viewers had to base their daily duties around the television schedule that the networks had mandated. Despite obvious setbacks, the television was cutting edge technology that created a huge demand for everyone in the United States to purchase one. By 1970 only 32 percent of homes had more than one television set in the United States. Television programming was strictly uniform and these basic characteristics contributed to the programming strategies used throughout the network era. Technology got better during the multichannel television era, in the network era the television sets didn't have color or a remote control. The television viewers had to watch TV in black and white and they had to get up and turn the station manually.A fundamental aspect of the network era was the limited ability of networks to reach viewers, which defined how the television is essence, was used. Distribution windows were numbered as a result of producers reselling original-run episodes to international markets, independent stations and broadcast affiliates to combat the costs of deficit financing.Networks selected programs that would reach a wide range of people, such as family sit-coms, cop shows and game shows. However, networks still directed their programs to the white middle class. The network era featured extremely limited program genres and people became accustomed to the way television was. As the arrival of new technologies emerged it offered television viewers more choice and control. This eventually ended the network era and forced us to move into the multi-channel transition.Television, however, was not just a technology but also a set of experiences and practices associated with viewing it. During the Network Era, television acted as a cultural institution. It communicated values and ideas within a culture.".
- Network_era wikiPageID "31584938".
- Network_era wikiPageLength "7343".
- Network_era wikiPageOutDegree "34".
- Network_era wikiPageRevisionID "681134103".
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Advertising.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Amanda_D._Lotz.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink American_Broadcasting_Company.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Broadcast_programming.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Broadcasting.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink CBS.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_television.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Category:Television_in_the_United_States.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Corporation.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Distribution_windows.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Film_studio.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink History_of_television.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Middle_class.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Multichannel_video_programming_distributor.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink NBC.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink New_York.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Niche_audiences.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Radio.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Television.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Television_deficit_financing.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Television_network.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink Television_set.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLinkText "Network Era".
- Network_era wikiPageWikiLinkText "network era".
- Network_era subject Category:History_of_television.
- Network_era subject Category:Television_in_the_United_States.
- Network_era comment "In television broadcasting, the Network Era refers to the period in American television history from 1952 to the mid-1980s, when the television market was controlled by a few large television networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC. This determination is established by institutional aspects that regularized television for the majority of the country, including the color television standard option.Early television evolved from the network organization of radio in the early 1940s.".
- Network_era label "Network era".
- Network_era sameAs Q17149200.
- Network_era sameAs m.0glp5jp.
- Network_era sameAs Q17149200.
- Network_era wasDerivedFrom Network_era?oldid=681134103.
- Network_era isPrimaryTopicOf Network_era.