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- Mike_Gravel abstract "Maurice Robert \"Mike\" Gravel (/ɡrəˈvɛl/; born May 13, 1930) is an American politician who is a former Democratic United States Senator from Alaska, who served two terms from 1969 to 1981, and a candidate in the 2008 U.S. presidential election.Born and raised in Springfield, Massachusetts, by French-Canadian immigrant parents, Gravel served in the U.S. Army in West Germany, and he later graduated from the Columbia University School of General Studies. He moved to Alaska in the late 1950s, becoming a real estate developer and entering politics. He served in the Alaska House of Representatives from 1963 to 1966 and also became Speaker of the Alaska House. Gravel was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1968.As a Senator, Gravel became nationally known for his forceful but unsuccessful attempts to end the draft during the War in Vietnam and for putting the Pentagon Papers into the public record in 1971 at some risk to himself. He conducted an unusual campaign for the Democratic nomination in 1972 for Vice President of the United States, and then played a crucial role in getting Congressional approval for the Trans-Alaska pipeline in 1973. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1974, but gradually alienated most of his Alaskan constituencies and his bid for a third term was defeated in a primary election in 1980.Gravel returned to business ventures and went through difficult times, suffering corporate and personal bankruptcies amid poor health. He has been a quixotic advocate of direct democracy and the National Initiative. In 2006, Gravel began a run for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States to promote those ideas. His campaign gained an Internet following and national attention due to forceful, humorous, and politically unorthodox debate appearances during 2007, but he found very little support in national polls or in 2008 caucuses and primaries. In March 2008, he announced that he was switching to the Libertarian Party to compete for its presidential nomination and the inclusion of the National Initiative into the Libertarian Platform. At the Libertarian National Convention of 2008 he failed on both counts, and he announced that his political electoral career had ended.".
- Mike_Gravel birthDate "1930-05-13".
- Mike_Gravel birthName "Maurice Robert Gravel".
- Mike_Gravel birthPlace Springfield,_Massachusetts.
- Mike_Gravel governor William_A._Egan.
- Mike_Gravel militaryBranch United_States_Army.
- Mike_Gravel militaryRank First_lieutenant.
- Mike_Gravel orderInOffice "3rdSpeaker of the Alaska House of Representatives".
- Mike_Gravel orderInOffice "Member of theAlaska House of Representativesfrom the 8th district".
- Mike_Gravel party Democratic_Party_(United_States).
- Mike_Gravel party Libertarian_Party_(United_States).
- Mike_Gravel predecessor Bruce_B._Kendall.
- Mike_Gravel predecessor Ernest_Gruening.
- Mike_Gravel profession Real_estate_development.
- Mike_Gravel religion Unitarian_Universalism.
- Mike_Gravel serviceEndYear "1954".
- Mike_Gravel serviceStartYear "1951".
- Mike_Gravel signature "Mike Gravel Signature.svg".
- Mike_Gravel successor Frank_Murkowski.
- Mike_Gravel successor William_K._Boardman.
- Mike_Gravel termPeriod Mike_Gravel__1.
- Mike_Gravel termPeriod Mike_Gravel__2.
- Mike_Gravel termPeriod Mike_Gravel__3.
- Mike_Gravel thumbnail Mike_Gravel.jpg?width=300.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageExternalLink www.mikegravel.us.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageID "293567".
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageLength "127117".
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageOutDegree "467".
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageRevisionID "702834612".
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink 1972_Democratic_National_Convention.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink 2008_Libertarian_National_Convention.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Abortion.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Abortion-rights_movements.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Afghan_War_documents_leak.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1954–68).
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_House_of_Representatives.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Native_corporation.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Natives.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Public_Safety_Commissioner_dismissal.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Railroad.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Senate.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_State_Commission_for_Human_Rights.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Statehood_Act.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaska_Territorial_Legislature.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alaskas_at-large_congressional_district.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Amchitka.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink American_Free_Press.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink American_International_College.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Anchorage,_Alaska.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Anchorage_Unitarian_Universalist_Fellowship.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Andy_Warhol.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Annenberg_Center_for_Communication.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Anti-ballistic_missile.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Arlington_County,_Virginia.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Army_of_the_Republic_of_Vietnam.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Assumption_College.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Assumption_Preparatory_School.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Assumptionists.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Atoms_for_Peace.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink AuthorHouse.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Back_pain.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bankers_Trust.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bankruptcy.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bantam_Books.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Barack_Obama.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Barnes_Review.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Beacon_Press.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Ben_Bagdikian.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bertrand_Russell.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bethesda,_Maryland.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bettye_Fahrenkamp.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Binary_economics.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Blanket_primary.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Blogosphere.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bob_Barr.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Brakeman.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bruce_B._Kendall.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Burlingame,_California.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink CNN.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink YouTube_presidential_debates.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Canada.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_tax.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:1930_births.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Alaska_Democrats.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_International_College_alumni.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_Unitarian_Universalists.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_anti–Iraq_War_activists.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_democracy_activists.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_libertarians.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_male_writers.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_people_of_French-Canadian_descent.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_political_writers.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_real_estate_businesspeople.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Anti-corporate_activists.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Assumption_College_alumni.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Businesspeople_from_Alaska.
- Mike_Gravel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Businesspeople_from_Springfield,_Massachusetts.