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- Membrane abstract "A membrane is a selective barrier; it allows some things to pass through but stops others. Such things may be molecules, ions, or other small particles. Biological membranes include cell membranes (outer coverings of cells or organelles that allow passage of certain constituents); nuclear membranes, which cover a cell nucleus; and tissue membranes, such as mucosae and serosae. Synthetic membranes are made by humans for use in laboratories and industry (such as chemical plants). The influent of an artificial membrane is known as the feed-stream, the liquid that passes through the membrane is known as the permeate, and the liquid containing the retained constituents is the retentate or concentrate.These concept of a membrane has been known since the eighteenth century, but was used little outside of the laboratory until the end of World War II. Drinking water supplies in Europe had been compromised by the war and membrane filters were used to test for water safety. However, due to the lack of reliability, slow operation, reduced selectivity and elevated costs, membranes were not widely exploited. The first use of membranes on a large scale was with micro-filtration and ultra-filtration technologies. Since the 1980s, these separation processes, along with electrodialysis, are employed in large plants and, today, a number of experienced companies serve the market.The degree of selectivity of a membrane depends on the membrane pore size. Depending on the pore size, they can be classified as microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. Membranes can also be of various thickness, with homogeneous or heterogeneous structure. Membranes can be neutral or charged, and particle transport can be active or passive. The latter can be facilitated by pressure, concentration, chemical or electrical gradients of the membrane process. Membranes can be generally classified into synthetic membranes and biological membranes.".
- Membrane thumbnail Schematic_size.jpg?width=300.
- Membrane wikiPageExternalLink tubular-membranes.html.
- Membrane wikiPageExternalLink ENGINEERING_DESIGN_GUIDELINES_membrane_technology_rev_web.pdf.
- Membrane wikiPageExternalLink default.asp?page=tekst.asp&id=235&fader=181.
- Membrane wikiPageExternalLink default.asp?page=tekst.asp&id=286&fader=181.
- Membrane wikiPageExternalLink facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=jYwiDw7T-N5YjM%3A%3Bs21Xs2kVDROB2M%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.induceramic.com%252F_%252Frsrc%252F1313636320994%252Fporous-ceramics-application%252Ffiltration-separation-application%252FCross%252520filtration.jpg%253Fheight%253D219%2526width%253D400%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.induceramic.com%252Fporous-ceramics-application%252Ffiltration-separation-application%3B397%3B219.
- Membrane wikiPageID "26456640".
- Membrane wikiPageLength "20426".
- Membrane wikiPageOutDegree "41".
- Membrane wikiPageRevisionID "686892777".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Active_transport.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Biofouling.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Biological_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fouling.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Category:Membrane_technology.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Category:Water_technology.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Category:Water_treatment.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Cell_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_plant.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_potential.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Cost.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Cross-flow_filtration.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Dialysis.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Fouling.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Hollow_fiber_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Homogeneity_and_heterogeneity.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Ion.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Laboratory.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Mark_van_Loosdrecht.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Membrane_bioreactor.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Membrane_fouling.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Membrane_technology.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Molecule.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Mucous_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Passive_transport.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Pertraction.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Pervaporation.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Reverse_osmosis.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Scale_up.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Serous_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Synthetic_membrane.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Unit_operation.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink Category:Membranes.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink File:Constant_TMP_and_constant_Flux.jpg.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink File:Schematic_process_of_dead-end_and_cross-flow_filtration.jpg.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLink File:Schematic_size.jpg.
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "Biomembrane".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "Hollow-fiber membrane modules".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "Membrane".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "brane".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "membranaceous".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "membrane science".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "membrane".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "membranous".
- Membrane wikiPageWikiLinkText "semi-permeable barrier".
- Membrane wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:About.
- Membrane wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Membrane subject Category:Fouling.
- Membrane subject Category:Membrane_technology.
- Membrane subject Category:Water_technology.
- Membrane subject Category:Water_treatment.
- Membrane subject Category:Membranes.
- Membrane hypernym Barrier.
- Membrane type ArchitecturalStructure.
- Membrane type Process.
- Membrane type Redirect.
- Membrane comment "A membrane is a selective barrier; it allows some things to pass through but stops others. Such things may be molecules, ions, or other small particles. Biological membranes include cell membranes (outer coverings of cells or organelles that allow passage of certain constituents); nuclear membranes, which cover a cell nucleus; and tissue membranes, such as mucosae and serosae. Synthetic membranes are made by humans for use in laboratories and industry (such as chemical plants).".
- Membrane label "Membrane".
- Membrane sameAs Q176088.
- Membrane sameAs Membrána.
- Membrane sameAs Membran_(Trennschicht).
- Membrane sameAs Μεμβράνη.
- Membrane sameAs غشا.
- Membrane sameAs Membrane_(physique).
- Membrane sameAs Membrana.
- Membrane sameAs Membrana_(anatomia).
- Membrane sameAs Membran.
- Membrane sameAs Membrana.
- Membrane sameAs m.0h5612k.
- Membrane sameAs Membrana.
- Membrane sameAs Membrane.
- Membrane sameAs Mémbran.
- Membrane sameAs Membran.
- Membrane sameAs Balamban.
- Membrane sameAs غشات.
- Membrane sameAs Q176088.
- Membrane sameAs 膜.
- Membrane wasDerivedFrom Membrane?oldid=686892777.
- Membrane depiction Schematic_size.jpg.
- Membrane isPrimaryTopicOf Membrane.