Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Malolactic_fermentation> ?p ?o }
- Malolactic_fermentation abstract "Malolactic fermentation (also known as malolactic conversion or MLF) is a process in winemaking in which tart-tasting malic acid, naturally present in grape must, is converted to softer-tasting lactic acid. Malolactic fermentation is most often performed as a secondary fermentation shortly after the end of the primary fermentation, but can sometimes run concurrently with it. The process is standard for most red wine production and for some white grape varieties such as Chardonnay, where it can impart a \"buttery\" flavor from diacetyl, a byproduct of the reaction.The fermentation reaction is undertaken by the family of lactic acid bacteria (LAB); Oenococcus oeni, and various species of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus. Chemically, malolactic fermentation is a decarboxylation, which means carbon dioxide is liberated in the process.The primary function of all these bacteria is to convert one of the two major grape acids found in wine called L- malic acid, to another type of acid, L+ lactic acid. This can occur naturally. However, in commercial winemaking, malolactic conversion typically is initiated by an inoculation of desirable bacteria, usually O. oeni. This prevents undesirable bacterial strains from producing \"off\" flavors. Conversely, commercial winemakers actively prevent malolactic conversion when it is not desired, such as with fruity and floral white grape varieties such as Riesling and Gewürztraminer, to maintain a more tart or acidic profile in the finished wine.Malolactic fermentation tends to create a rounder, fuller mouthfeel. Malic acid is typically associated with the taste of green apples, while lactic acid is richer and more buttery tasting. Grapes produced in cool regions tend to be high in acidity, much of which comes from the contribution of malic acid. Malolactic fermentation generally enhances the body and flavor persistence of wine, producing wines of greater palate softness. Many winemakers also feel that better integration of fruit and oak character can be achieved if malolactic fermentation occurs during the time the wine is in barrel.A wine undergoing malolactic conversion will be cloudy because of the presence of bacteria, and may have the smell of buttered popcorn, the result of the production of diacetyl. The onset of malolactic fermentation in the bottle is usually considered a wine fault, as the wine will appear to the consumer to still be fermenting (as a result of CO2 being produced). However, for early Vinho Verde production, this slight effervesce was considered a distinguishing trait, though Portuguese wine producers had to market the wine in opaque bottles because of the increase in turbidity and sediment that the \"in-bottle MLF\" produced. Today, most Vinho Verde producers no longer follow this practice and instead complete malolactic fermentation prior to bottle with the slight sparkle being added by artificial carbonation.".
- Malolactic_fermentation thumbnail Malolactic_spotting.JPG?width=300.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageExternalLink successful-malolactic-fermentations.html.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageExternalLink Malolactic%20Fermentation.pdf.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageID "1045027".
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageLength "53058".
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageOutDegree "316".
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageRevisionID "704682614".
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink 2,3-Butanediol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink 2-Butanol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink 2-ethoxyhexa-3,5-diene.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Absorbance.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetaldehyde.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetobacter.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetobacter_rancens.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetoin.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acid.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acids_in_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acrolein.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Adenosine_triphosphate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Adhesive.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Aging_of_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Alcohol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Alcohol_and_Tobacco_Tax_and_Trade_Bureau.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Alcohol_by_volume.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Aldehyde.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink American_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ammonia.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ammonium_phosphate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Annual_growth_cycle_of_grapevines.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Anthocyanin.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Apple.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Apple_juice.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Arabinose.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Arginine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Aroma_compound.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Aroma_of_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Autolysis_(biology).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Autolysis_(wine).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bacillus_(shape).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bacterial_growth.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bacteriophage.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bentonite.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Beta-glucosidase.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Biofilm.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Biogenic_amine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Botrytis_cinerea.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bread.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Brettanomyces.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Brix.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bromocresol_green.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Butanediol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Butanol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Butter.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cabernet_Sauvignon.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cadaverine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink California_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Candida_(fungus).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Candida_krusei.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carbamoyl_phosphate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_dioxide.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carbonation.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carcinogen.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Catalase.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Oenology.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cellular_respiration.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Central_Valley_(California).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chaptalization.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chardonnay.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chemiosmosis.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chocolate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cider.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Citric_acid.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Citrulline.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Clarification_and_stabilization_of_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Coccus.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cold_soak.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Colony-forming_unit.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Colorimetric_analysis.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Decarboxylation.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Derivative_(chemistry).
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Dessert_wine.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Diacetyl.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Diammonium_phosphate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Dimethyl_dicarbonate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Diprotic_acid.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Dried_fruit.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Effervescence.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electric_potential.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electrochemical_gradient.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Enantiomer.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Erythritol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ester.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethanol.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethyl_acetate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethyl_carbamate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethyl_lactate.
- Malolactic_fermentation wikiPageWikiLink European_Union.