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- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo abstract "Juan Lechín Oquendo (May 18, 1914 – August 27, 2001) was a labor-union leader and head of the Federation of Bolivian Mine Workers (FSTMB) from 1944 to 1987 and the Bolivian Workers' Union (COB) from 1952 to 1987. He also served as Vice President of Bolivia between 1960 and 1964.Lechín was born to a Lebanese immigrant father and a Bolivian mother in Corocoro, a city in the Department of La Paz. He worked in the Catavi and Siglo XX tin mines, both of which were owned by the mining tycoon Simón Iturri Patiño. While working as a machinist in the mines, he was made aware of the desperate conditions of the vast majority of the highland workers. In the 1940s he became involved in the nascent labor movement and joined the Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR), a Trotskyist political party. In 1944, Lechín led a congress of miners in Huanuni, Oruro, that led to the formation of the FSTMB. Lechín was elected the union's Executive Secretary. At this point, he became affiliated with the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR), though he maintained good relations with the Trotskyist POR. Following the 1952 Bolivian National Revolution, Lechín was chosen as Minister of Mines and Petroleum. He also led the founding congress of the Central Obrera Boliviana (COB), an umbrella federation of labor unions, and was elected its Executive Secretary. Since he had played a vital role in the Revolution, and had advocated the permanent extension of weapons to the workers' militias to guarantee regime stability against the possibility of an oligarchic/military backlash, he became extremely popular with the poorer sectors of society. Indeed, he was the most charismatic and popular MNR leader other than Paz Estenssoro. In addition, he was of far more radical political persuasion (Marxist-inspired) than the rest of the government leadership. This inevitably led to growing intra-party tensions and disagreements over labor issues and personal ambitions.In frank disagreement with what he saw as the increasingly conservative policies of president Hernán Siles Zuazo, by the late 1950s Lechín had begun to form a left-wing opposition within the ruling party. To reduce these tensions and prevent fragmentation, Víctor Paz Estenssoro was persuaded to return from retirement and lead the MNR in the 1960 presidential elections. The conciliatory Paz chose Lechín as his vice-presidential candidate, apparently with a promise that he (Lechín) would be the presidential candidate in 1964. This was not to be, for Lechín's intransigence on political issues eventually forced Paz into not only reneging on his promise but also into expelling vice-president Lechín from the MNR (1964 MNR convention). At that point, the labor leader left the party to form the Revolutionary Party of the National Left (PRIN). Rather surprisingly, Juan Lechín—the firebrand of the left—supported the 1964 military coup that toppled the MNR from power. Soon thereafter, however, he was forced into exile. He returned in 1971 and was elected as head of the Popular Assembly, a revolutionary congress endorsed by the reform-minded general General Juan José Torres. Once more Lechín's role was polarizing, as he attempted to create a parallel (union and Assembly-based, quite reminiscent of soviets) alternative to the established order. After the Torres's overthrow later that year, Lechín was exiled once again and did not return until the democratic opening of 1978. By then the years had caught up with him and he had lost much luster and electoral appeal on a nationwide basis. He remained extremely popular with the miners, however, and once more he was elected to lead them and to chair the powerful Bolivian Workers' Union (COB). In 1980 he was the PRIN candidate for President and fared rather poorly at the polls, but in any case another military coup (this time led by Luis Garcia Meza) forced him into exile yet again. When democracy was restored in 1982, Lechín and the other leaders of the FSTMB and COB returned to the political arena. In his restored position as top labor leader in the country, he strongly criticized the economic policies of president Hernán Siles Zuazo (1982–85), coming close to toppling his beleaguered regime with crippling strikes and other non-cooperation measures. Lechín also vigorously opposed the neoliberal administration of Víctor Paz Estenssoro, who served his fourth term from 1985 to 1989. The closure of most of the country's tin mines by Paz Estenssoro (due to declining production and the collapse of world prices) led to considerable in-fighting in the unions. In 1987, Lechín—now aged 73—retired from the leadership of the FSTMB and was voted out as head of the COB. He was replaced in the FSTMB by Filemón Escobar and by Genaro Flores in the COB.A controversial but undeniably important historical figure, reviled by many and followed almost blindly by others, Juan Lechín Oquendo died in August 2001, at the age of 87. A major criticism used against him is that he tended to de-stabilize precisely those regimes that were friendliest to the interests of the working class (Paz Estenssoro, Torres, Siles Zuazo between 1982 and 1985), while being quite deferential to the most hardline right-wing governments (Barrientos, Banzer, Garcia Mesa), at least until he could get safely out of the country.".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo activeYearsEndDate "1964-08-06".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo activeYearsStartDate "1960-08-06".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthDate "1914-05-14".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthPlace Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthPlace Coro_Coro_Municipality.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathDate "2001-08-27".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathPlace Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathPlace La_Paz.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo office "Vice President of Bolivia".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo president Víctor_Paz_Estenssoro.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo successor René_Barrientos.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo thumbnail Juan_Lechin_Oquendo.JPG?width=300.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageID "3633219".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageLength "7082".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageOutDegree "48".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageRevisionID "706603050".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Bolivian_Workers_Center.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Catavi.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:1914_births.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:2001_deaths.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bolivian_people_of_Lebanese_descent.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bolivian_trade_unionists.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_La_Paz_Department_(Bolivia).
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Revolutionary_Nationalist_Movement_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Revolutionary_Party_of_the_Nationalist_Left_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Revolutionary_Workers_Party_(Bolivia)_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Category:Vice_Presidents_of_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Coro_Coro,_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Coro_Coro_Municipality.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Coup_dxc3xa9tat.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Federación_Sindical_de_Trabajadores_Mineros_de_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Filemón_Escobar.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Genaro_Flores.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Hernán_Siles_Zuazo.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Juan_José_Torres.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink La_Paz.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Labour_movement.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Luis_García_Meza_Tejada.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Mining.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Oruro_Department.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink René_Barrientos.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Revolutionary_Nationalist_Movement.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Revolutionary_Party_of_the_Nationalist_Left.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Revolutionary_Workers_Party_(Bolivia).
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Siglo_XX.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Simón_Iturri_Patiño.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Tin.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Trade_union.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Trotskyism.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Vice_President_of_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Víctor_Paz_Estenssoro.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLink Ñuflo_Chávez_Ortiz.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLinkText "Juan Lechín Oquendo ".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLinkText "Juan Lechín Oquendo".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageWikiLinkText "Juan Lechín".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo after René_Barrientos.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo before "Vacant".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthDate "1914-05-14".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthPlace Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo birthPlace Coro_Coro_Municipality.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathDate "2001-08-27".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathPlace Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo deathPlace La_Paz.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo office Vice_President_of_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo predecessor Ñuflo_Chávez_Ortiz.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo president Víctor_Paz_Estenssoro.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo successor René_Barrientos.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo termEnd "1964-08-06".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo termStart "1960-08-06".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo title Vice_President_of_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Birth_date.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Death_date_and_age.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_President.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:S-end.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:S-off.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:S-start.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Succession_box.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo years "1960".
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:1914_births.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:2001_deaths.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Bolivian_people_of_Lebanese_descent.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Bolivian_trade_unionists.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:People_from_La_Paz_Department_(Bolivia).
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Revolutionary_Nationalist_Movement_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Revolutionary_Party_of_the_Nationalist_Left_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Revolutionary_Workers_Party_(Bolivia)_politicians.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo subject Category:Vice_Presidents_of_Bolivia.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo hypernym Leader.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Agent.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Person.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Politician.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type President.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Person.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Diacritic.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type Politician.
- Juan_Lechín_Oquendo type President.