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- Jacobin abstract "The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (French: Société des amis de la Constitution), after 1792 re-named Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (French: Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité), commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or just collectively Jacobins (French: [ʒa.kɔ.bɛ̃ ], English /ˈdʒæ.kə.bɪnz/), was the most famous and influential political club in the development of the French Revolution. Initially founded by anti-Royalist deputies from Brittany, the Club grew into a nationwide republican movement, with a membership estimated at a half million or more. The Jacobin Club was heterogeneous and included both prominent parliamentary factions of the early 1790s, the radical Mountain and the more moderate Girondists.In 1792–3, the Girondists (led by Brissot and including Thomas Paine) dominated the Jacobin Club and led the country. Believing that revolutionary France would not be accepted by its neighbours, they called for an aggressive foreign policy and forced war on Austria. The Girondists were the dominant faction when the Jacobins overthrew the monarchy and created the republic. When the Republic failed to deliver the unrealistic gains that had been expected, they lost popularity. The Girondists sought to curb fanatical revolutionary violence, and were therefore accused by the Mountain of being royalist sympathisers. The National Guard eventually switched its support from the Girondists to the Mountain, allowing the Mountain to stage a coup d'etat.In May 1793, led by Maximilien de Robespierre, the leaders of the Mountain faction succeeded in sidelining the Girondist faction and controlled the government until July 1794. Their time in government was characterized by radically progressive legislation imposed with very high levels of political violence. In June 1793, they approved the Constitution of Year 1 which introduced universal male suffrage for the first time in history. In September 1793, twenty-one prominent Girondists were guillotined, beginning the Reign of Terror. In October, during the Terror, the new constitution was ratified in a referendum which most eligible voters avoided participating in. The Mountain executed tens of thousands of opponents nationwide, ostensibly to suppress the Vendée insurrection and the Federalist insurrections, and to prevent any other insurrections, during the War of the First Coalition.In 1794, the fall of Robespierre pushed the Mountain out of power. The Jacobin Club was closed and many of its remaining leaders, notably Robespierre, were themselves executed.Today, Jacobin and Jacobinism are used in a variety of senses. In Britain, where the term \"Jacobin\" has been linked primarily to the Mountain, it is sometimes used in Britain as a pejorative for radical, left-wing revolutionary politics, especially when it exhibits dogmatism and violent repression. In France, \"Jacobin\" now generally indicates a supporter of a centralized republican state and strong central government powers and/or supporters of extensive government intervention to transform society. It is also used in other related senses, indicating proponents of a state education system which strongly promotes and inculcates civic values, and proponents of a strong nation-state capable of resisting any undesirable foreign interference.".
- Jacobin affiliation Girondins.
- Jacobin affiliation National_Convention.
- Jacobin affiliation The_Mountain.
- Jacobin affiliation The_Plain.
- Jacobin formationDate "1789-10-06".
- Jacobin formationYear "1789".
- Jacobin headquarter Couvent_des_Jacobins_de_la_rue_Saint-Honoré.
- Jacobin headquarter Paris.
- Jacobin headquarter Rue_Saint-Honoré.
- Jacobin language French_language.
- Jacobin membership "Around 500,000".
- Jacobin motto ""Live free or die" ()".
- Jacobin purpose "* 1789–1791: Abolition of the Ancien Régime, creation of aparliament, introduction of aConstitutionandseparation of powers".
- Jacobin purpose "* 1791–1795: Establishment of arepublic,fusion of powersinto theNational Convention, establishment of anauthoritarian-democratic state".
- Jacobin purpose "Establishment of aJacobin society:".
- Jacobin status "Inactive".
- Jacobin thumbnail JacobinVignette01.jpg?width=300.
- Jacobin type Advocacy_group.
- Jacobin wikiPageExternalLink A_documentary_survey_of_the_French_Revol.html?id=J_pnAAAAMAAJ.
- Jacobin wikiPageExternalLink 0674470621.
- Jacobin wikiPageExternalLink 0271058447.
- Jacobin wikiPageExternalLink 0300118112.
- Jacobin wikiPageExternalLink jacobins.html.
- Jacobin wikiPageID "193422".
- Jacobin wikiPageLength "32783".
- Jacobin wikiPageOutDegree "161".
- Jacobin wikiPageRevisionID "708076108".
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Abolition_of_feudalism_in_France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Adrien_Duport.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Advocacy_group.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Alexandre-Théodore-Victor,_comte_de_Lameth.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Ancien_Régime.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_Barnave.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_Joseph_Santerre.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Armand,_duc_dAiguillon.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_Young_(agriculturist).
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Artois.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Bourgeoisie.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Brittany.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Camille_Desmoulins.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:1789_establishments_in_France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:1795_disestablishments_in_France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:Defunct_political_parties_in_France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:Groups_of_the_French_Revolution.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:Jacobins.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:Political_parties_disestablished_in_1795.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Category:Political_parties_established_in_1789.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Malo_François_Lameth.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Citizens:_A_Chronicle_of_the_French_Revolution.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Committee_of_Public_Safety.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Conscription.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Counter-revolutionary.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Coup_dxc3xa9tat.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Couvent_des_Jacobins_de_la_rue_Saint-Honoré.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Dauphiné.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Dominican_Order.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Brittany.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Economic_interventionism.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Eminent_domain.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Emmanuel_Joseph_Sieyès.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Estates-General_of_1789.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Executive_(government).
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Feudalism.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Feuillant_(political_group).
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink François-Noël_Babeuf.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Fraternal_Society_of_Patriots_of_Both_Sexes.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_Constitution_of_1791.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_Constitution_of_1793.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_Directory.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_Revolution.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_Revolutionary_Wars.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink French_language.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Fusion_of_powers.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Georges_Danton.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Girondins.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Henri_Grégoire.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Honoré_Gabriel_Riqueti,_comte_de_Mirabeau.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Isaac_René_Guy_le_Chapelier.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jacobin_(politics).
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jacobin_Club_of_Mysore.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jacques-François_Menou.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jacques_Nicolas_Billaud-Varenne.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jacques_Pierre_Brissot.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Jacques_Rousseau.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Marie_Collot_dHerbois.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Paul_Marat.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Joxe_Azurmendi.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Judiciary.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Kingdom_of_France.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink LAmi_du_peuple.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Laissez-faire.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Le_Vieux_Cordelier.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Left-wing_politics.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Legislature.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink List_of_French_expressions_in_English.
- Jacobin wikiPageWikiLink Louis_Marc_Antoine_de_Noailles.