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- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 abstract "In 1949 a Constituent Assembly was held in Iran to modify the Persian Constitution of 1906. Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi convened the assembly in April; he sought a royal prerogative giving him the right to dismiss the parliament, providing that new elections were held to form a new parliament. He also specified a method for future amendments to the Constitution. The amendments were made in May 1949 by unanimous vote of the Constituent Assembly.During the previous year, the Shah had been considering changes to the Constitution as part of his various plans to increase the power of the monarchy. He was advised against this action by British and American diplomats who thought it unwise to unbalance the separation of powers. On 4 February 1949, an assassin shot at the Shah, two bullets wounding him. That evening, the government declared martial law and a special session of parliament imposed harsh measures against the Shah's political enemies. The assassin was suspected of being connected to the religious fundamentalist group Fada'iyan-e Islam (Martyrs for Islam, or Devotees of Islam), and loosely associated with the communist-leaning Tudeh Party of Iran. The parliament outlawed the Tudeh Party and had its leaders arrested. The Shah sent pragmatic Ayatollah Abol-Ghasem Kashani to exile—he had formed a strategic alliance with the Fada'iyan. In an atmosphere of national sympathy for the monarchy, the Shah called for a constituent assembly to make amendments to the Constitution, to give him more power. He selected the constituent assembly members from his supporters. He also increased his pressure for the formation of the Senate of Iran, an upper house of parliament that had been written into the constitution in 1906 but never formed. The Senate was expected to favor the Shah.Elections for the 16th Majlis began in late July 1949. The 16th Majlis was to be a bicameral parliament composed of the Majlis as the lower house and the Senate as the upper house. Following a framework set down in the 1906 Constitution, the Shah began appointing 30 of the 60 senators. As a reaction to the Shah's selection of royalists friendly to his views, and concerns about his rigging of the general elections, Mohammad Mosaddegh called for a protest on 13 October 1949. Thousands marched from his mansion to the royal palace gardens. There, in a meeting with Interior Minister Abdolhossein Hazhir, 20 opposition and radical politicians led by Mosaddegh demanded a halt to the Shah's hindrance of free elections. After three days of sit-in protest they extracted a promise from Hazhir that he would conduct elections fairly. Directly afterward, the committee of 20 formed the National Front coalition. In the next few weeks, elections were challenged as rigged. As a result, Hazhir was assassinated on 4–5 November 1949 by the Fada'iyan. In February 1950 at the conclusion of elections for the 16th Majlis, the National Front took eight seats in the Majlis—Kashani and Mosaddegh both won seats—and from that platform for the next few years continued to call for reductions in the power of the monarchy; a return to the Constitution of 1906. With the backing of the extremist Fada'iyan, the regular clergy, and the middle-class people, despite its minority toehold in parliament, the National Front became the main opposition movement of Iran. The self-serving constitutional changes had created a backlash against the Shah.".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageID "36716875".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageLength "26343".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageOutDegree "50".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageRevisionID "696833850".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink 1st_Assembly_of_Experts.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Abdolhossein_Hazhir.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Abol-Ghasem_Kashani.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Ahmad_Qavam.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Soviet_invasion_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Anjumans_of_the_Mujahidin.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Bicameralism.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Category:1949_in_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Category:Politics_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Central_Council_of_United_Trade_Unions.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Crown_land.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Ebrahim_Hakimi.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Fadaiyan-e_Islam.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Harry_S._Truman.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Iran_crisis_of_1946.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Iranian_Revolution.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Iranian_constitutional_referendum,_1963.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Iranian_constitutional_referendum,_December_1979.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink John_Cooper_Wiley.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink John_Le_Rougetel.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Majlis.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Martial_law.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Mirza_Sayyed_Mohammad_Tabatabai.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Mohammad_Ali_Shah_Qajar.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Mohammad_Mosaddegh.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Mozaffar_ad-Din_Shah_Qajar.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink National_Front_(Iran).
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Pahlavi_dynasty.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Persian_Constitution_of_1906.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Political_quietism_in_Islam.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Qom.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Realpolitik.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Ruhollah_Khomeini.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Senate_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Separation_of_powers.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Seyyed_Hossein_Borujerdi.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Sit-in.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Trial_in_absentia.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Tudeh_Party_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink Ulama.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink University_of_Tehran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLink White_Revolution.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLinkText "Iran Constituent Assembly".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageWikiLinkText "Iran Constituent Assembly, 1949".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Politics_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 subject Category:1949_in_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 subject Category:Politics_of_Iran.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 comment "In 1949 a Constituent Assembly was held in Iran to modify the Persian Constitution of 1906. Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi convened the assembly in April; he sought a royal prerogative giving him the right to dismiss the parliament, providing that new elections were held to form a new parliament. He also specified a method for future amendments to the Constitution.".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 label "Iran Constituent Assembly, 1949".
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 sameAs Q17005976.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 sameAs مجلس_مؤسسان_دوم_ایران.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 sameAs m.0l8q4y6.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 sameAs Q17005976.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 wasDerivedFrom Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949?oldid=696833850.
- Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949 isPrimaryTopicOf Iran_Constituent_Assembly,_1949.