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- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate abstract "Iodopropynyl Butyl Carbamate (IPBC) is a water-soluble preservative used globally in the paints & coatings, wood preservatives, personal care, and cosmetics industries. IPBC is a member of the carbamate family of biocides. IPBC was invented in the 1970s and has a long history of effective use as an antifungal technology.IPBC was initially developed for use in the paint & coatings industry as a dry-film preservative to protect interior and exterior coatings from mold, mildew, and fungal growth, while also offering cost performance and sustainability benefits. IPBC exhibits efficacy against a broad spectrum of fungal species, typically at very low use levels. IPBC today is incorporated into a wide variety of interior and exterior paint formulations around the world.Use is restricted in some countries due to its toxicity, especially acute inhalation toxicity. IPBC is also becoming recognized as a contact allergen.IPBC is an effective fungicide at very low concentrations in cosmetic and other products, and has shown very low sensitivity in humans tested with this preservative. IPBC was approved in 1996 for use up to 0.1% concentrations in topical products and cosmetics. However, this preservative is mostly found in cosmetics at about one-eighth that level [Maier et al., 2009]. IPBC Toxicity and Safety Tests show it to be generally safe: When used properly in leave-on skin products, IPBC is extremely safe [Steinberg, 2002]. Previous to being approved for cosmetic use in 1996, extensive safety and toxicity tests were conducted on IPBC and their results were gathered along with earlier studies in a report of the Safety Assessment of IPBC by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review [CIR Final Report, Lanigan 1998]. This final report found IPBC to be a non-carcinogen with no genotoxicity and in reproductive and developmental toxicity studies using rats and mice, IPBC had no significant effect on fertility, reproductive performance, or on the incidence of fetal malformation [Lanigan, 1998].IPBC Shows Very Low Sensitivity in Human Skin Tests: The Safety Assessment report [Lanigan, 1998] also included 32 studies between 1990 - 1994 in 3,582 subjects using skin application of IPBC at relevant concentrations. All 32 studies showed no skin sensitivity/irritation compared to placebo controls. In addition, two skin sensitivity studies on 183 children ages 3 – 12 yrs also showed no adverse effects as well as no significant irritation from IPBC. Since the early safety report, there have been a few reports of human skin sensitivity to IPBC in individual patients – all of which showed complete recovery after discontinuance of use of any product containing the IPBC which was presumably an allergen for these patients [Toholka & Nixon, 2014; Pazzaglia & Tosti, 1999]. Post-1996 tests of human sensitivity to IPBC have all shown quite low sensitivity, having overall reported human skin testing (patch test) on 53,774 subjects with only 491 of those subjects showing any reaction (0.8%) to IPBC. In every study, positive patch test reactions occurred in less than 1% of subjects tested in all but one study. This is a very low reaction rate, but it is not zero, and the industry reports this low rate of reaction even though in the largest study of 25,435 subjects over 69% of the reactions were either weak or doubtful [Warshaw et al., 2013a]. These combined studies showing prevalence of reaction below 1% means that IPBC at this time does not have the reaction rates necessary to be included as an allergen in standard allergy series. But, it remains under close monitoring as it is a relatively new preservative for cosmetic products and will presumably increase in usage [Sasseville, 2004]. Most human patch tests performed before 2004 were with 0.1% IPBC solutions, i.e. 10 times the concentration used in many cosmetic products. Some used 0.5% IPBC. In 2004, it was suggested that a better concentration for tests of this substance would be 0.2% [Brasch et al., 2004] and this has contributed to the diagnosis of more sensitizations to this substance [Martin-Gorgojo & Johansen, 2013]. One study showed significantly increased sensitivity between 2005 and 2010 using 0.5% IPBC in patch tests [Warshaw et al., 2013b].UPDATE: Per EWG.org — Iodopropynyl Butylcarbamate does show \"Limited evidence of gastrointestinal or liver toxicity\" per the US EPA; that there is strong evidence of \"Human toxicant or allergen\" affects, by Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments; that it is \"Suspected to be an environmental toxin\" from Environment Canada Domestic Substance List, and that at least \"50 studies in PubMed Science Library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical,\" NLM PubMed.".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate iupacName "3-Iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate thumbnail Ipbc.svg?width=300.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageExternalLink ingredient.php?ingred06=703111.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageID "33099711".
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- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageOutDegree "8".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageRevisionID "705783294".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Allergen.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Carbamate.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Category:Alkynes.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Category:Carbamates.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cosmetics_chemicals.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Category:Organoiodides.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Category:Preservatives.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLink Ingredients_of_cosmetics.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageWikiLinkText "Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate imagefile "Ipbc.svg".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate imagesize "200".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate iupacname "3".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate othernames "3".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate verifiedfields "changed".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate verifiedrevid "451488667".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate watchedfields "changed".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cascite.
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- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate subject Category:Alkynes.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate subject Category:Carbamates.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate subject Category:Cosmetics_chemicals.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate subject Category:Organoiodides.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate subject Category:Preservatives.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type ChemicalCompound.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type ChemicalSubstance.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Additive.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Alkyne.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Amide.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Antimicrobial.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Carbamate.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Chemical.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Ester.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Hydrocarbon.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Organohalide.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Organoiodide.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Organohalide.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Organoiodide.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type ChemicalObject.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Thing.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate type Q11173.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate comment "Iodopropynyl Butyl Carbamate (IPBC) is a water-soluble preservative used globally in the paints & coatings, wood preservatives, personal care, and cosmetics industries. IPBC is a member of the carbamate family of biocides.".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate label "Iodopropynyl butylcarbamate".
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Q2928998.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Iodocarb.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs یدوپروپینیل_بوتیلکربامات.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Butylcarbamate_diodopropynyle.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Joodpropynylbutylcarbamaat.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs m.0h638_g.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Jodopropinil_butilkarbamat.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Jodopropinil_butilkarbamat.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate sameAs Q2928998.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate wasDerivedFrom Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate?oldid=705783294.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate depiction Ipbc.svg.
- Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate isPrimaryTopicOf Iodopropynyl_butylcarbamate.