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- Interrupted_gene abstract "An interrupted gene (also called a split gene) is a gene that contains sections of DNA called exons, which are expressed as RNA and protein, interrupted by sections of DNA called introns, which are not expressed. The DNA sequence in the exon provides instructions for coding proteins. The function of the intron was not understood at first, and they were called noncoding or junk DNA. Split genes were independently discovered by Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A. Sharp in 1977, for which they shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Their discovery implied the existence of then-unknown machinery for splicing out introns and assembling genes; namely, the spliceosome. It was soon accepted that 94% of human genes were interrupted, and perhaps 50% of hereditary diseases involved errors in splicing introns out of interrupted genes. The best-known example of a disease caused by a splicing error is Beta-thalassemia, in which extra intronic material is erroneously spliced into the gene for making hemoglobin. Lower eukaryotes, including yeast, have many uninterrupted regions, as they contain long stretches of exons that create the mRNA necessary for the synthesis of proteins. This does not mean, however, that these sections are fully uninterrupted, as tRNA synthesis requires excision of a nucleotide sequence, followed by ligation. Nevertheless, gene interruption is the rule. Most bacteria have some interruption of some genes. Interrupted genes are universal in eukaryotes; yeasts may display single interruptions of a minority of genes, while in higher organisms most genes are interrupted, some multiple times and with introns that can be longer than exons. Introns are well-conserved across evolutionary history, suggesting their structure has some importance for the organism, and they are longer in advanced organisms (higher plants and animals), whose longer growth and development requires longer sequences of gene activation and down-regulation. Details of the role of introns in the regulation of gene accessibility and transcription have yet to be worked out.The architecture of the interrupted gene allows for the process of alternative splicing, where various mRNA products can be produced from a single gene.".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageID "8371887".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageLength "2812".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageOutDegree "18".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageRevisionID "694664703".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Alternative_splicing.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Beta_thalassemia.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Category:Molecular_biology.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Eukaryote.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Exon.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Hemoglobin.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Intron.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Messenger_RNA.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Noncoding_DNA.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Phillip_Allen_Sharp.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Protein.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink RNA_ligase_(ATP).
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink RNA_splicing.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Richard_J._Roberts.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Spliceosome.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Transfer_RNA.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLink Yeast.
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLinkText "Interrupted gene".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageWikiLinkText "split or interrupted".
- Interrupted_gene wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Genetics-stub.
- Interrupted_gene subject Category:Molecular_biology.
- Interrupted_gene hypernym Gene.
- Interrupted_gene type Protein.
- Interrupted_gene comment "An interrupted gene (also called a split gene) is a gene that contains sections of DNA called exons, which are expressed as RNA and protein, interrupted by sections of DNA called introns, which are not expressed. The DNA sequence in the exon provides instructions for coding proteins. The function of the intron was not understood at first, and they were called noncoding or junk DNA. Split genes were independently discovered by Richard J. Roberts and Phillip A.".
- Interrupted_gene label "Interrupted gene".
- Interrupted_gene sameAs Q906461.
- Interrupted_gene sameAs Mosaikgen.
- Interrupted_gene sameAs Gen_podzielony.
- Interrupted_gene sameAs m.0271475.
- Interrupted_gene sameAs Q906461.
- Interrupted_gene wasDerivedFrom Interrupted_gene?oldid=694664703.
- Interrupted_gene isPrimaryTopicOf Interrupted_gene.