Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Intellectual> ?p ?o }
- Intellectual abstract "An intellectual is a person who engages in critical study, thought, and reflection about the reality of society, and proposes solutions for the normative problems of that society, and, by such discourse in the public sphere, he or she gains authority within the public opinion. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by producing or by extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.Socially, intellectuals constitute the intelligentsia, a status class organised either by ideology (conservative, fascist, socialist, liberal, reactionary, revolutionary, democratic, communist intellectuals, et al.) or nationality (American intellectuals, French intellectuals, Ibero–American intellectuals, et al.). The contemporary intellectual class originated from the intelligentsiya of Tsarist Russia (ca. 1860s–70s), the social stratum of those possessing intellectual formation (schooling, education, Enlightenment), and who were Russian society's counterpart to the German Bildungsbürgertum and to the French bourgeoisie éclairée, the enlightened middle classes of those realms.During the late 19th century, amidst the Dreyfus Affair (1894–1906), an identity crisis of anti-semitic nationalism for the French Third Republic (1870–1940), the reactionary anti–Dreyfusards (Maurice Barrès, Ferdinand Brunetière, et al.) used the terms intellectual and the intellectuals to deride the liberal Dreyfusards (Émile Zola, Octave Mirbeau, Anatole France, et al.) as political dilettantes from the realms of French culture, art, and science, who had become involved in politics, by publicly advocating for the exoneration and liberation of Alfred Dreyfus, a French artillery captain of Jewish descent who was falsely accused betraying France to Germany.In the 20th century, the term Intellectual acquired positive connotations of social prestige, derived from possessing intellect and intelligence, especially when the intellectual's activities exerted positive consequences in the public sphere, in order to increase the intellectual understanding of the public, by means of moral responsibility, altruism, and solidarity, without resorting to the manipulations of populism, paternalism, and condescension. Hence, for the educated person of a society, participating in the public sphere — the political affairs of the city-state — is a civic responsibility dating from the Græco–Latin Classical era:I am a man; I reckon nothing human to be foreign to me. (Homo sum: humani nihil a me alienum puto.)The determining factor for a thinker (historian, philosopher, scientist, writer, artist, et al.) to be considered a public intellectual is the degree to which he or she is implicated and engaged with the vital reality of the contemporary world; that is to say, participation in the public affairs of society. Consequently, being designated as a public intellectual is determined by the degree of influence of the designator's motivations, opinions, and options of action (social, political, ideological), and by affinity with the given thinker; therefore: The Intellectual is someone who meddles in what does not concern him. (L'intellectuel est quelqu'un qui se mêle de ce qui ne le regarde pas.)Analogously, the application and the conceptual value of the terms Intellectual and the Intellectuals are socially negative when the practice of intellectuality is exclusively in service to The Establishment who wield power in a society, as such:The Intellectuals are specialists in defamation, they are basically political commissars, they are the ideological administrators, the most threatened by dissidence.Hence, Noam Chomsky’s negative criticism of the Establishment Intellectual, logically postulates the existence of an intellectual Other, thus the public intellectual is:. . . someone able to speak the truth, a . . . courageous and angry individual for whom no worldly power is too big and imposing to be criticised and pointedly taken to task. The real or true intellectual is therefore always an outsider, living in self-imposed exile, and on the margins of society. He or she speaks to, as well as for, a public, necessarily in public, and is properly on the side of the dispossessed, the un-represented and the forgotten.".
- Intellectual thumbnail Jacques_barzun.jpg?width=300.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink pt?id=coo.31924057673398;view=1up;seq=162.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink pt?id=coo.31924057673398;view=1up;seq=206.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink mdp.49015000956855.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink TABLE%20II.pdf.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink intellectuals.htm.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink Richard+Posner.aspx.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink 0,3604,1252059,00.html.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink vol15no68atack.pdf.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink ikp3ever10607101.pdf.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink .VFk6s2fYvKc.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink the-optimist-s-book-club-040596.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink whWereare.htm.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink public-intellectual-world-thinkers-ac-grayling.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink ModernAge-1958q1-00033.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink ModernAge-1958q1-00040.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink ModernAge-1972q1-00009.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink 2up.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink futureofintellec00goulrich.
- Intellectual wikiPageExternalLink onintellectualst00riefrich.
- Intellectual wikiPageID "227107".
- Intellectual wikiPageLength "53902".
- Intellectual wikiPageOutDegree "393".
- Intellectual wikiPageRevisionID "707885060".
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink A._C._Grayling.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Academy.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Age_of_Enlightenment.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Alain_Finkielkraut.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Albert_Einstein.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Alfred_Dreyfus.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Alister_McGrath.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Altruism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Alvin_Ward_Gouldner.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Anatole_France.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Greece.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_Giddens.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Anti-intellectualism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Antisemitism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Gramsci.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Aristocracy.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Artist.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Atavism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Authority.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Authority_(sociology).
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Belles-lettres.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Bertolt_Brecht.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Bertrand_Russell.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Blaise_Pascal.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Bourgeoisie.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Brahmin.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink C._Wright_Mills.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Calligraphy.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Capitalism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Caste_system_in_India.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Catalonia.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Category:Academia.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Category:Philosophers.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Category:Social_classes.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sociology_of_culture.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Cato_Institute.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Chicago_Boys.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Chile.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Christopher_Lasch.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Chungin.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Class_conflict.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Classical_antiquity.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Communism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Confucianism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Congregational_church.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Conservatism.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Conservative_Party_(UK).
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Critic.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Critical_thinking.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Cultural_capital.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Culture.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Cyril_Connolly.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Czech_Republic.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Czesław_Miłosz.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Declaration_of_the_Rights_of_Man_and_of_the_Citizen.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Defamation.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Democracy.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Demography.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Discourse.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Disincentive.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Dissident.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Dominant_ideology.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Dreyfus_affair.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Economist.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Edmund_Wilson.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Education.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Said.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Edwards_Amasa_Park.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Emperor_of_China.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Engaged_theory.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Ernest_Hemingway.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Erudition.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Essay.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Ethics.
- Intellectual wikiPageWikiLink Existentialism.