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- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) abstract "This article considers the history of zoology up to the year 1859, when the theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed by Charles Darwin.The history of zoology traces the study of the animal kingdom from ancient to modern times. Although the concept of zoology as a single coherent field arose much later, the zoological sciences emerged from natural history reaching back to the works of Aristotle and Galen in the ancient Greco-Roman world. This ancient work was further developed in the Middle Ages by Muslim physicians and scholars such as Albertus Magnus. During the European Renaissance and early modern period, zoological thought was revolutionized in Europe by a renewed interest in empiricism and the discovery of many novel organisms. Prominent in this movement were Vesalius and William Harvey, who used experimentation and careful observation in physiology, and naturalists such as Carl Linnaeus and Buffon who began to classify the diversity of life and the fossil record, as well as the development and behavior of organisms. Microscopy revealed the previously unknown world of microorganisms, laying the groundwork for cell theory. The growing importance of natural theology, partly a response to the rise of mechanical philosophy, encouraged the growth of natural history (although it entrenched the argument from design).Over the 18th and 19th centuries, zoology became increasingly professional scientific disciplines. Explorer-naturalists such as Alexander von Humboldt investigated the interaction between organisms and their environment, and the ways this relationship depends on geography—laying the foundations for biogeography, ecology and ethology. Naturalists began to reject essentialism and consider the importance of extinction and the mutability of species. Cell theory provided a new perspective on the fundamental basis of life. These developments, as well as the results from embryology and paleontology, were synthesized in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. In 1859, Darwin placed the theory of organic evolution on a new footing, by his discovery of a process by which organic evolution can occur, and provided observational evidence that it had done so.".
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- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageLength "27638".
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageOutDegree "229".
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageRevisionID "678319331".
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Abstraction.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Academy_of_Sciences_Leopoldina.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Academy_of_sciences.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Afro-Arab.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Age_of_Discovery.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Al-Jahiz.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Albertus_Magnus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Albrecht_Dürer.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_von_Humboldt.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Alfred_Russel_Wallace.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Greek_medicine.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Greek_philosophy.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_history.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Andreas_Vesalius.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Animal.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Antonie_van_Leeuwenhoek.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Apocrypha.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Arab_Agricultural_Revolution.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Arabic.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Archaic_humans.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Aristotle.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Atomism.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ayurveda.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Bacteria.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Bacteriology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Bastet.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Bestiary.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Bibliography_of_biology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Binomial_nomenclature.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Biogeography.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Branches_of_science.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Byzantium.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Linnaeus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Categorization.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_zoology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Cell_biology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Cell_theory.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Darwin.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Lyell.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Chemistry.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Christianity.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Classical_antiquity.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Classical_element.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Common_descent.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Comparative_anatomy.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Conrad_Gessner.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink De_humani_corporis_fabrica.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Dissection.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Domestication.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Early_Islamic_philosophy.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ecology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Elephant.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Embryology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Empiricism.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Entomology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Environmental_determinism.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Erasistratus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Essentialism.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Ethology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Evolution.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Exercitatio_Anatomica_de_Motu_Cordis_et_Sanguinis_in_Animalibus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Extinction.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Fetus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Food_chain.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Fossil.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Four_causes.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Galen.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Genesis_flood_narrative.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Geography.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Geology.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Georges-Louis_Leclerc,_Comte_de_Buffon.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Georges_Cuvier.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Gideon_Mantell.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Grazing.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Great_chain_of_being.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Greco-Roman_world.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Guillaume_Rondelet.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Hellenistic_period.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Herodotus.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Herophilos.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink High_Middle_Ages.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Hildegard_of_Bingen.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Hippocrates.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Historia_animalium_(Gessner).
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink History_of_China.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink History_of_European_research_universities.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink History_of_India.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink History_of_evolutionary_thought.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Human_body.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Humorism.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Infusoria.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Inheritance_of_acquired_characteristics.
- History_of_zoology_(through_1859) wikiPageWikiLink Islam.