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- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation abstract "Hering's law of equal innervation is used to explain the conjugacy of saccadic eye movement in stereoptic animals. The law proposes that conjugacy of saccades is due to innate connections in which the eye muscles responsible for each eye's movements are innervated equally. The law also states that apparent monocular eye movements are actually the summation of conjugate version and disjunctive (or vergence) eye movements. The law was put forward by Ewald Hering in the 19th century, though the underlying principles of the law date back considerably. Aristotle had commented upon this phenomenon and Ptolemy put forward a theory of why such a physiological law might be useful. It was clearly stated for the first time by Alhacen in his Book of Optics (1021).Hering's law of equal innervation is best understood with Müller's stimulus where an observer refoveates a point that moved in one eye only. The least-effort way to refoveate is to move the misaligned eye only. Instead Hering's law predicts that because both eyes must move by equal amounts, a combination of conjunctive and disjunctive eye movements is required to refoveate the target point. Yarbus showed experimentally that binocular eyes movements are indeed composed mostly of combinations of saccades and vergence. However it is now known that clear deviations from Hering's law also occur This theory is in contrast to the theory proposed by Von Helmholtz which states that conjugacy is a learned, coordinated response and that the movements of the eyes are individually controlled. Helmholtz's point of view is today often caricatured as a chameleon-like, independent, control of the eyes although Helmholtz never defended that theory. Their disagreement concerned the innate vs. learned aspect of binocularly coordinated eye movements. Helmholtz's arguments were mainly related to Listing's law and can be simplified as the fact that there exist positions of the eyes where muscles will have different effects on the two eyes. Thus Hering's law, in its original formulation, simply cannot be correct as it would lead to situations where the eyes would move by different amounts, something on which both agreed never happens. Hering subsequently modified his law to state that the eyes behave as if they received equal innervation.The extent to which Hering's law is correct, or not, remains in debate today as the exact physiological underpinning of vergence eye movements remain to be found.".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation thumbnail Mullerstimulus.gif?width=300.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageExternalLink 0042-6989(72)90175-7.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageID "3663691".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageLength "6199".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageOutDegree "20".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageRevisionID "701057623".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Alhazen.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Aristotle.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Book_of_Optics.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nervous_system.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Vision.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Dissociated_vertical_deviation.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Ewald_Hering.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Eye_movement.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Hermann_von_Helmholtz.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Johannes_Peter_Müller.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Listings_law.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Nerve.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Orthoptics.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Ptolemy.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Saccade.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Sherringtons_law_of_reciprocal_innervation.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Stereopsis.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink Vergence.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLink File:Mullerstimulus.gif.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLinkText "Hering's law of equal innervation".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLinkText "Hering's".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageWikiLinkText "Hering’s law of equal innervation".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_journal.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation subject Category:Nervous_system.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation subject Category:Vision.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation comment "Hering's law of equal innervation is used to explain the conjugacy of saccadic eye movement in stereoptic animals. The law proposes that conjugacy of saccades is due to innate connections in which the eye muscles responsible for each eye's movements are innervated equally. The law also states that apparent monocular eye movements are actually the summation of conjugate version and disjunctive (or vergence) eye movements.".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation label "Hering's law of equal innervation".
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation sameAs Q17022581.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation sameAs m.09t2v0.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation sameAs Q17022581.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation wasDerivedFrom Herings_law_of_equal_innervation?oldid=701057623.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation depiction Mullerstimulus.gif.
- Herings_law_of_equal_innervation isPrimaryTopicOf Herings_law_of_equal_innervation.