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- HIV_tropism abstract "HIV tropism refers to the cell type that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and replicates in. HIV tropism of a patient's virus is measured by the Trofile assay.HIV can infect a variety of cells such as CD4+ helper T-cells and macrophages that express the CD4 molecule on their surface. HIV-1 entry to macrophages and T helper cells is mediated not only through interaction of the virion envelope glycoproteins (gp120) with the CD4 molecule on the target cells but also with its chemokine coreceptors. Macrophage (M-tropic) strains of HIV-1, or non-syncitia-inducing strains (NSI) use the beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 for entry and are thus able to replicate in macrophages and CD4+ T-cells. These strains are now called R5 viruses. The normal ligands for this receptor—RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β and MIP-1α—are able to suppress HIV-1 infection in vitro. This CCR5 coreceptor is used by almost all primary HIV-1 isolates regardless of viral genetic subtype. T-tropic isolates, or syncitia-inducing (SI) strains replicate in primary CD4+ T-cells as well as in macrophages and use the alpha-chemokine receptor, CXCR4, for entry. These strains are now called X4 viruses. The alpha-chemokine SDF-1, a ligand for CXCR4, suppresses replication of T-tropic HIV-1 isolates. It does this by downregulating the expression of CXCR4 on the surface of these cells. Viruses that use only the CCR5 receptor are termed R5, those that only use CXCR4 are termed X4, and those that use both, X4R5. However, the use of a coreceptor alone does not explain viral tropism, as not all R5 viruses are able to use CCR5 on macrophages for a productive infection.".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageExternalLink hivcopred.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageExternalLink journal.pone.0061437.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageID "4641947".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageLength "2919".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageOutDegree "18".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageRevisionID "627490250".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink CCL5.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink CCR5.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink CD4.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink CXCR4.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink AIDS.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Cell_type.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Chemokine.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Envelope_glycoprotein_GP120.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink HIV.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Ligand.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Macrophage.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Macrophage_inflammatory_protein.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Stromal_cell-derived_factor_1.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Syncytium.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink T_helper_cell.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Tissue_tropism.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLink Trofile_assay.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "HIV X4".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "HIV tropism".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "M-tropic strains".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "R5".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "T-cell tropic".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "X4".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "tropic".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageWikiLinkText "tropism".
- HIV_tropism wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:AIDS.
- HIV_tropism wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- HIV_tropism subject AIDS.
- HIV_tropism type Redirect.
- HIV_tropism comment "HIV tropism refers to the cell type that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and replicates in. HIV tropism of a patient's virus is measured by the Trofile assay.HIV can infect a variety of cells such as CD4+ helper T-cells and macrophages that express the CD4 molecule on their surface.".
- HIV_tropism label "HIV tropism".
- HIV_tropism sameAs Q5629942.
- HIV_tropism sameAs m.0cf2_9.
- HIV_tropism sameAs Q5629942.
- HIV_tropism wasDerivedFrom HIV_tropism?oldid=627490250.
- HIV_tropism isPrimaryTopicOf HIV_tropism.