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- Gal_operon abstract "The gal operon is a prokaryotic operon, which encodes enzymes necessary for galactose metabolism. The operon contains two operators, OE (for external) and OI. The former is just before the promoter, and the latter is just after the galE gene (the first gene in the operon).Repression of gene expression works via binding of repressor molecules to the two operators. These repressors dimerize, creating a loop in the DNA. The loop as well as hindrance from the external operator prevent RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter, and thus prevent transcription.The gal operon of E. coli consists of 3 structural genes: galE (epimerase), galT (galactose transferase), and galK (galactokinase), which are transcribed from two overlapping promoters PG1 and PG2 upstream from galE. Regulation of the operon is complex since the GalE product, an epimerase that converts UDP-glucose into UDP-galactose, is required for the formation of UDP-galactose for cell wall biosynthesis, in particular the cell wall component lipopolysaccharide, even when cells are not using galactose as a carbon/energy source.The gal operon is controlled by CRP-cAMP as for the lac operon. CRP-cAMP binds to -35 region promoting transcription from PG1 but inhibiting transcription from PG2. When cells are grown in glucose, basal level transcription occurs from PG2. The unlinked galR gene encodes the repressor for this system. A tetrameric GalR repressor binds to 2 operators, one located at +55 and one located at -60 relative to the PG1 start site. Looping of the DNA blocks the access of RNA polymerase to promoters and/or inhibits formation of the open complex. When GalR binds as a dimer to the -60 site only, promoter PG2 is activated, not repressed, allowing basal levels of GalE to be produced. In this state promoter PG1 is inactivated through interactions with the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase.".
- Gal_operon wikiPageID "15697340".
- Gal_operon wikiPageLength "2973".
- Gal_operon wikiPageOutDegree "21".
- Gal_operon wikiPageRevisionID "702828372".
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Biosynthesis.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Gene_expression.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Dimer_(chemistry).
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Enzyme.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Escherichia_coli.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Galactose.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Gene.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Gene_expression.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Glucose.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Lac_operon.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Metabolism.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Molecule.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Operon.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Prokaryote.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Promoter_(genetics).
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink RNA_polymerase.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Repressor.
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLink Transcription_(genetics).
- Gal_operon wikiPageWikiLinkText "GalR".
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Genetics-stub.
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Lowercase.
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Molecular-biology-stub.
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Gal_operon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Transcription.
- Gal_operon subject Category:Gene_expression.
- Gal_operon hypernym Operon.
- Gal_operon type Protein.
- Gal_operon type Process.
- Gal_operon comment "The gal operon is a prokaryotic operon, which encodes enzymes necessary for galactose metabolism. The operon contains two operators, OE (for external) and OI. The former is just before the promoter, and the latter is just after the galE gene (the first gene in the operon).Repression of gene expression works via binding of repressor molecules to the two operators. These repressors dimerize, creating a loop in the DNA.".
- Gal_operon label "Gal operon".
- Gal_operon sameAs Q5517743.
- Gal_operon sameAs Operão_gal.
- Gal_operon sameAs m.03nqcx9.
- Gal_operon sameAs Галактозный_оперон.
- Gal_operon sameAs Q5517743.
- Gal_operon wasDerivedFrom Gal_operon?oldid=702828372.
- Gal_operon isPrimaryTopicOf Gal_operon.