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- Fumi-e abstract "A fumi-e (踏み絵, fumi \"stepping-on\" + e \"picture\") was a likeness of Jesus or Mary upon which the religious authorities of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan required suspected Christians (Kirishitan) to step on in order to prove that they were not members of that outlawed religion. The use of fumi-e began with the persecution of Christians in Nagasaki in 1629. Their use was officially abandoned when ports opened to foreigners on April 13, 1856, but some remained in use until Christian teaching was placed under formal protection during the Meiji period. The objects were also known as e-ita or ita-e, while the forced test was called e-fumi. The \"ceremony of e-fumi, of trampling on images, was well enough reported in Europe already by the early eighteenth century to have left a mark on works of imaginative literature like Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, Oliver Goldsmith's The Citizen of the World, and Voltaire's Candide,\" according to Prof. Michael North in Artistic and Cultural Exchanges Between Europe and Asia, 1400–1900. In modern Japanese literature, treading on the fumi-e is a pivotal plot element of the novel Silence by Shusaku Endo.The Japanese government used fumi-e to reveal practicing Catholics and sympathizers. Fumi-e were pictures of the Virgin Mary and Christ. Government officials made everybody trample on these pictures. People reluctant to step on the pictures were identified as Catholics and were sent to Nagasaki. The policy of the Edo government was to turn them from their faith, Catholicism; however, if the Catholics refused to change their religion, they were tortured. As many of them still refused to abandon the religion, they were killed by the government. Executions sometimes took place at Nagasaki's Mount Unzen, where some were boiled in the hot springs.Execution for Christianity was unofficially abandoned by the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1805.Fumi-e were usually carved out of stone, but others were painted and some were wooden block prints. Many, if not all, of these works were made with care, and they reflected the high artistic standards of the Edo period. There are very few existing fumi-e, as most were simply thrown away or recycled into other uses. Some surviving examples were displayed by the Smithsonian in their 2007 exhibition \"Encompassing the Globe: Portugal and the World in the 16th and 17th Centuries.\"Many theologians have tried to contemplate the role of the fumi-e to Japanese Christians; some seeing the treading of the fumi-e as a sign of the love and forgiveness of Jesus Christ.".
- Fumi-e thumbnail Jesus_on_cross_to_step_on.jpg?width=300.
- Fumi-e wikiPageID "1038889".
- Fumi-e wikiPageLength "6909".
- Fumi-e wikiPageOutDegree "33".
- Fumi-e wikiPageRevisionID "697395126".
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Candide.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Category:1620s_establishments_in_Japan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Category:1629_establishments.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Category:Christianity_in_Japan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Category:Edo_period.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Category:Persecution_of_Christians.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Christ.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Christian.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Gullivers_Travels.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Japan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Jesus.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Jonathan_Swift.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Kakure_Kirishitan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Kirishitan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Kitman.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Martyrs_of_Japan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Mary_(mother_of_Jesus).
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Meiji_period.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Mount_Unzen.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Nagasaki.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Oliver_Goldsmith.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Religion.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Catholicism_in_Japan.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Shūsaku_Endō.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Silence_(novel).
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Smithsonian_Institution.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Tokugawa_shogunate.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Torture.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink Voltaire.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink File:Jesus_on_cross_to_step_on.jpg.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLink File:Virgin_Mary_tile_to_step_on.jpg.
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fumi-e".
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLinkText "efumi".
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLinkText "fumi-e".
- Fumi-e wikiPageWikiLinkText "fumie".
- Fumi-e wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Nihongo.
- Fumi-e wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Portal.
- Fumi-e wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Redirect.
- Fumi-e wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Fumi-e subject Category:1620s_establishments_in_Japan.
- Fumi-e subject Category:1629_establishments.
- Fumi-e subject Category:Christianity_in_Japan.
- Fumi-e subject Category:Edo_period.
- Fumi-e subject Category:Persecution_of_Christians.
- Fumi-e hypernym Likeness.
- Fumi-e type Redirect.
- Fumi-e comment "A fumi-e (踏み絵, fumi \"stepping-on\" + e \"picture\") was a likeness of Jesus or Mary upon which the religious authorities of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan required suspected Christians (Kirishitan) to step on in order to prove that they were not members of that outlawed religion. The use of fumi-e began with the persecution of Christians in Nagasaki in 1629.".
- Fumi-e label "Fumi-e".
- Fumi-e sameAs Q521917.
- Fumi-e sameAs فوميه.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumie.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumie.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumi-e.
- Fumi-e sameAs תמונת_דריכה.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumi-e.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumie.
- Fumi-e sameAs Yefumi.
- Fumi-e sameAs 踏み絵.
- Fumi-e sameAs 후미에.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumie.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumi-e.
- Fumi-e sameAs Fumi-e.
- Fumi-e sameAs m.040ldy.
- Fumi-e sameAs Фуми-э.
- Fumi-e sameAs Фуміє.
- Fumi-e sameAs Q521917.
- Fumi-e sameAs 踏繪.
- Fumi-e wasDerivedFrom Fumi-e?oldid=697395126.
- Fumi-e depiction Jesus_on_cross_to_step_on.jpg.
- Fumi-e isPrimaryTopicOf Fumi-e.