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- Front_panel abstract "A front panel was used on early electronic computers to display and allow the alteration of the state of the machine's internal registers and memory. The front panel usually consisted of arrays of indicator lamps, toggle switches, and push buttons mounted on a sheet metal face plate. In early machines, CRTs might also be present (as an oscilloscope, or, for example, to mirror the contents of Williams-Kilburn tube memory). Prior to the development of CRT system consoles, many computers such as the IBM 1620 had console typewriters.Usually the contents of one or more hardware registers would be represented by a row of lights, allowing the contents to be read directly when the machine was stopped. The switches allowed direct entry of data and address values into registers or memory.On some machines, certain lights and switches were reserved for use under program control. These were often referred to as sense lights and sense switches. For example, the original Fortran compiler for the IBM 704 contained specific statements for testing and manipulation of the 704's sense lights and switches. These switches were often used by the program to control optional behavior, for example information might be printed only if a particular sense switch was set.Operating systems made for computers with blinkenlights, for example, RSTS/E and RSX-11, would frequently have an idle task blink the panel lights in some recognizable fashion. System programmers often became very familiar with these light patterns and could tell from them how busy the system was and, sometimes, exactly what it was doing at the moment. The Master Control Program for the Burroughs Corporation B6700 mainframe would display a large block-letter \"B\" when the system was idle.Switches and lights required little additional logic circuitry and usually no software support, important when logic hardware components were costly and software often limited.This baroque style of front panels began to die out in 1964 when Seymour Cray designed his CDC 6600 supercomputer with a very simple and elegant display console containing only 2 CRT displays and a keyboard, replacing all the hundreds of switches, buttons, and blinking lights. The 6600 had support from ten supporting \"peripheral processors\" whose duties included reading the keyboard and driving the graphics displays.Early microcomputers such as the 1975 Altair 8800 also relied on front panels, but since the introduction of the Apple II in June 1977, the vast majority of micros came with keyboards and connections for TV screens or other monitors.".
- Front_panel thumbnail 360-91-panel.jpg?width=300.
- Front_panel wikiPageID "4793390".
- Front_panel wikiPageLength "9202".
- Front_panel wikiPageOutDegree "58".
- Front_panel wikiPageRevisionID "697424270".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Altair_8800.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Apple_II.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Binary-coded_decimal.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Blinkenlights.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Booting.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_Corporation.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_MCP.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_large_systems.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink CDC_6000_series.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Early_computers.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Early_microcomputers.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Cathode_ray_tube.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Computer_hardware.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Computer_keyboard.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Computer_memory.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Computer_operator.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Debugger.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Debugging.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Electric_light.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Fortran.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink HP_9800_series.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Hardware_register.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink IBM_1620.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink IBM_704.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Idle_(CPU).
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink JMP_(x86_instruction).
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Machine_code.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Magnetic_storage.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink O.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Microcomputer.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Octal.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink PDP-10.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink PDP-11.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink PDP-8.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Processor_register.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Push-button.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink RK05.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink E.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink RSX-11.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Read-only_memory.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Sense_switch.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Seymour_Cray.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Switch.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink System_console.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink Williams_tube.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink File:360-91-panel.jpg.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink File:Altair_8800_at_the_Computer_History_Museum,_cropped.jpg.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink File:Control_Data_6600_mainframe.jpg.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink File:Digital_pdp8-e2.jpg.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLink File:IBM_1620.jpg.
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "Front panel".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "blinky lights and toggle switches".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "console".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "front panel console".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "front panel".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "front-panel".
- Front_panel wikiPageWikiLinkText "sense switches and sense lights".
- Front_panel wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Front_panel wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Front_panel subject Category:Early_computers.
- Front_panel subject Category:Early_microcomputers.
- Front_panel type Class.
- Front_panel type Computer.
- Front_panel type Microcomputer.
- Front_panel comment "A front panel was used on early electronic computers to display and allow the alteration of the state of the machine's internal registers and memory. The front panel usually consisted of arrays of indicator lamps, toggle switches, and push buttons mounted on a sheet metal face plate. In early machines, CRTs might also be present (as an oscilloscope, or, for example, to mirror the contents of Williams-Kilburn tube memory).".
- Front_panel label "Front panel".
- Front_panel sameAs Q5505894.
- Front_panel sameAs Maschinenkonsole.
- Front_panel sameAs Panneau_frontal.
- Front_panel sameAs Painel_frontal.
- Front_panel sameAs m.0cnll5.
- Front_panel sameAs Q5505894.
- Front_panel wasDerivedFrom Front_panel?oldid=697424270.
- Front_panel depiction 360-91-panel.jpg.
- Front_panel isPrimaryTopicOf Front_panel.