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- French_Third_Republic abstract "The French Third Republic (French: La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) is the term used to denote the system of government adopted in France from 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed, until 1940, when France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the so-called Vichy government in France. It came to an end on 10 July 1940, when the National Assembly of the Third Republic under its last President Albert Lebrun delegated all constitutional powers to Marshal Philippe Pétain of the rump French State in the Zone libre (\"Free Zone\") in the south of France.The early days of the Third Republic were dominated by political disruptions caused by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, which the Republic continued to wage after the fall of Emperor Napoleon III in 1870. Harsh reparations exacted by the Prussians after the war resulted in the loss of the French provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, social upheaval, and the establishment of the Paris Commune. The early governments of the Third Republic considered re-establishing the monarchy, but confusion as to the nature of that monarchy and who should be awarded the throne caused those talks to stall. Thus, the Third Republic, which was originally intended as a provisional government, instead became the permanent government of France.The French Constitutional Laws of 1875 defined the composition of the Third Republic. It consisted of a Chamber of Deputies and a Senate to form the legislative branch of government and a president to serve as head of state. Issues over the re-establishment of the monarchy dominated the tenures of the first two presidents, Adolphe Thiers and Patrice de MacMahon, but a series of republican presidents during the 1880s quashed all plans for a monarchical form of government.The Third Republic established many French colonial possessions, including French Indochina, French Madagascar, French Polynesia, and large territories in West Africa during the Scramble for Africa, all of them acquired during the last two decades of the 19th century. The early years of the 20th century were dominated by the Democratic Republican Alliance, which was originally conceived as a centre-left political alliance, but over time became the main centre-right party. The period from the start of World War I to the late 1930s featured sharply polarized politics, between the Democratic Republican Alliance and the more Radical socialists. The government fell during the early years of World War II as the Germans occupied France and was replaced by the rival governments of Charles de Gaulle's Free France (La France libre) and Philippe Pétain's Vichy France (L'État français).Adolphe Thiers called republicanism in the 1870s \"the form of government that divides France least,\" however, politics under the Third Republic were sharply polarized. On the left stood Reformist France, heir to the French Revolution. On the right stood conservative France, rooted in the peasantry, the Church and the army. In spite of France's sharply divided electorate and persistent attempts to overthrow it, the Third Republic endured for seventy years, which makes it the longest lasting system of government in France since the collapse of the Ancien Régime in 1789. The present French Fifth Republic would have to endure at least to the year 2028 to exceed this record.".
- French_Third_Republic currency French_franc.
- French_Third_Republic dissolutionDate "1940-07-10".
- French_Third_Republic dissolutionYear "1940".
- French_Third_Republic foundingDate "1870-09-04".
- French_Third_Republic foundingYear "1870".
- French_Third_Republic motto "("Liberty, Equality, Fraternity")".
- French_Third_Republic thumbnail Flag_of_France.svg?width=300.
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- French_Third_Republic wikiPageWikiLink A._J._P._Taylor.
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- French_Third_Republic wikiPageWikiLink Causes_of_World_War_I.
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- French_Third_Republic wikiPageWikiLink Chamber_of_Deputies_(France).