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- Feudalism_in_China abstract "Although Feudalism is often referred to as a European concept occurring in the medieval period, similar systems have been found to exist in many non-European parts of the world. Chinese history for instance, from the Zhou or Chou dynasty (1046 BC—256 BC) to the Qin dynasty has been termed a true feudal period by many Chinese marxist historians, due to the custom of enfeoffment of land similar to that in Europe. The first kings of the Zhou dynasty enfeoffed their fellow warriors and relatives, creating large domains of land. These eventually rebelled against the Zhou Kings and developed into their own kingdoms, thus ending the centralized rule of the Zhou dynasty.There is some debate among historians as to whether \"Feudalism\" is the appropriate term for China's political system as it derives from the Chinese language itself: the Feudal System or the 'Fengjian System' which in Chinese, means to allocate a region or piece of land to an individual, establishing him as the ruler of that region. The term also describes a decentralized political system in which the ruler shares power with local lords. The lords fought for power for over 250 years, this was called the Warring States period.In the Chinese Marxists histories, the Zhou dynasty symbolizes the beginning of the feudal stage in Chinese history which continues until the fall of the Qin dynasty. Marxist historians in China have described Chinese ancient society as largely feudal. The first to propose the use of this term for the Chinese society was Marxist historian and one of the leading writers of 20th century China, Guo Moruo in 1930’s. Guo Moruo's views dominated the official interpretation of historical records, according to which the political system during Zhou dynasty can be seen as feudal in many respects and comparable to the Feudalistic system in Europe. Guo Moruo based his application of this term on two assumptions:The first assumption was based on feudalism being a form of social organization which arises under certain circumstances, mainly the detoriation of a centralized form of government which is replaced by independent feudal states owing only minimal duties and loyalty to a central ruler. This situation is supposed to have prevailed in China after the decline of the Shang dynasty and the conquering of Shang territories by the Zhou clan. One of the reasons for the shift to feudal states is claimed to be the introduction of iron technology.The second assumption for classifying the Zhou as feudal by Guo Moruo was the similarity of the essential elements of feudalism that included granting of land in form of ‘fiefs’ to the knighted gentry, as in case of European feudalism. There land fiefs were granted by lords or the ruler to knights, who were considered the ‘vassals’, who in return promised loyalty to the lord and provided military support during periods of war. In China, instead of a salary each noble was given land by the Zhou ruler along with the people living on it who worked on the land and gave part of the produce to the nobles as tax. These ‘fiefs’ were granted through elaborate ceremonies in Western Zhou, where the plots of land, title and rank were granted in formal symbolic ceremonies which were incredibly lavish and which are comparable to the homage ceremonies in Europe where the vassal took the oath of loyalty and fidelity when being granted land also called ‘fief’. These ceremonies in ancient Zhou period were commemorated in inscriptions on bronze vessels, many of which date back to the early Zhou dynasty. Some bronze vessel inscriptions also confirm involvement of military activity in these feudal relationships.Each feudal state was independent and had its own tax and legal systems along with unique currency. The nobles were required to pay regular homage to the king and to provide him with soldiers at the time of war. This form of feudal structure played an important part in the political structure of Western Zhou which was expanding its territories in the east. In due course this resulted in the rising power of the nobles, who fought among themselves for power, leading to the dwindling authority of the Zhou kings which eventually brought about their downfall. It was due to this likeness in structure that the term ‘feudal’ was applied to the Western Zhou society. Easmond Quaye".
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- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Category:Zhou_dynasty.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Fengjian.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Feoffment.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Ferrous_metallurgy.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Feudalism.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Feudalism_in_Pakistan.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Guo_Moruo.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Harbans_Mukhia.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink History_of_China.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Japan.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Indian_feudalism.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink J.A.G._Roberts.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink John_K._Fairbank.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Marxist_historiography.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Merle_Goldman.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Qin_dynasty.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Regents_of_the_University_of_California.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Shang_dynasty.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Stonebridge_Press.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Terence_J._Byres.
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLink Zhou_dynasty.
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- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLinkText "Chinese feudalism".
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLinkText "Duke".
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLinkText "Feudalism in China".
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLinkText "feudal society".
- Feudalism_in_China wikiPageWikiLinkText "likened to the feudal organization".
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- Feudalism_in_China subject Category:Articles_created_via_the_Article_Wizard.
- Feudalism_in_China subject Category:Feudalism_in_China.
- Feudalism_in_China subject Category:Social_history_of_China.
- Feudalism_in_China subject Category:Zhou_dynasty.
- Feudalism_in_China comment "Although Feudalism is often referred to as a European concept occurring in the medieval period, similar systems have been found to exist in many non-European parts of the world. Chinese history for instance, from the Zhou or Chou dynasty (1046 BC—256 BC) to the Qin dynasty has been termed a true feudal period by many Chinese marxist historians, due to the custom of enfeoffment of land similar to that in Europe.".
- Feudalism_in_China label "Feudalism in China".
- Feudalism_in_China sameAs Q5446028.
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- Feudalism_in_China sameAs Q5446028.
- Feudalism_in_China wasDerivedFrom Feudalism_in_China?oldid=707817637.
- Feudalism_in_China depiction Zhou_dynasty_1000_BC.png.
- Feudalism_in_China isPrimaryTopicOf Feudalism_in_China.