Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Fermentation> ?p ?o }
- Fermentation abstract "Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases or alcohol. It occurs in yeast and bacteria, and also in oxygen-starved muscle cells, as in the case of lactic acid fermentation. Fermentation is also used more broadly to refer to the bulk growth of microorganisms on a growth medium, often with the goal of producing a specific chemical product. French microbiologist Louis Pasteur is often remembered for his insights into fermentation and its microbial causes. The science of fermentation is known as zymology.Fermentation takes place in the lack of oxygen (when the electron transport chain is unusable) and becomes the cell’s primary means of ATP (energy) production. It turns NADH and pyruvate produced in the glycolysis step into NAD+ and various small molecules depending on the type of fermentation (see examples below). In the presence of O2, NADH and pyruvate are used to generate ATP in respiration. This is called oxidative phosphorylation, and it generates much more ATP than glycolysis alone. For that reason, cells generally benefit from avoiding fermentation when oxygen is available, the exception being obligate anaerobes which cannot tolerate oxygen.The first step, glycolysis, is common to all fermentation pathways:C6H12O6 + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi → 2 CH3COCOO− + 2 NADH + 2 ATP + 2 H2O + 2H+Pyruvate is CH3COCOO−. Pi is inorganic phosphate. Two ADP molecules and two Pi are converted to two ATP and two water molecules via substrate-level phosphorylation. Two molecules of NAD+ are also reduced to NADH.In oxidative phosphorylation the energy for ATP formation is derived from an electrochemical proton gradient generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane (or, in the case of bacteria, the plasma membrane) via the electron transport chain. Glycolysis has substrate-level phosphorylation (ATP generated directly at the point of reaction).Humans have used fermentation to produce food and beverages since the Neolithic age. For example, fermentation is used for preservation in a process that produces lactic acid as found in such sour foods as pickled cucumbers, kimchi and yogurt (see fermentation in food processing), as well as for producing alcoholic beverages such as wine (see fermentation in winemaking) and beer. Fermentation can even occur within the stomachs of animals, such as humans.".
- Fermentation thumbnail Fermenting.jpg?width=300.
- Fermentation wikiPageExternalLink works-of-louis-pasteur.html.
- Fermentation wikiPageExternalLink respi.htm.
- Fermentation wikiPageID "6073894".
- Fermentation wikiPageLength "27264".
- Fermentation wikiPageOutDegree "189".
- Fermentation wikiPageRevisionID "707639394".
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetic_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetone.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Acetone–butanol–ethanol_fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Adenosine_diphosphate.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Adenosine_triphosphate.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Alcohol.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Alcoholic_beverage.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Egypt.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Archaea.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Auto-brewery_syndrome.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Babylon.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Bacteria.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Baltic_mythology.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Beer.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink BioTork.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Biotechnology.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Blood.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Budding.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Butanol.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Butyric_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_dioxide.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carbonyl.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Carboxylic_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Alchemical_processes.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Anaerobic_digestion.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Brewing.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Catalysis.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fermented_beverages.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Food_preservation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Food_science.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Metabolism.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mycology.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Oenology.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cell_membrane.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Cellular_respiration.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chametz.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_equation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_formula.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Chemostat.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Christian_views_on_alcohol.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Citric_acid_cycle.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Clostridium_pasteurianum.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Crabtree_effect.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Dark_fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Disproportionation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Eduard_Buchner.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electrochemical_gradient.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electron.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electron_acceptor.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electron_donor.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Electron_transport_chain.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Endogeny_(biology).
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Enzyme.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethanol.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ethanol_fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Evolution.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Facultative_anaerobic_organism.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fed-batch_culture.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation_in_food_processing.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation_in_winemaking.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation_lock.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fermentative_hydrogen_production.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Ferredoxin.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Flatulence.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Food.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Fungus.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_engineering.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Germ_theory_of_disease.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Glucose.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Glycolysis.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Glyoxylic_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Growth_medium.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Hexanoic_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Hops.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Hybrid_(biology).
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Hydrogen.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Hydrogenase.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Industrial_fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Inner_mitochondrial_membrane.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Jiahu.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Kimchi.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Lactic_acid.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Lactic_acid_fermentation.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Lactobacillus.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Lactose.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Le_Chateliers_principle.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Neolithic_cultures_of_China.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Louis_Pasteur.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Mammal.
- Fermentation wikiPageWikiLink Metabolism.