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- Fajans_rules abstract "In inorganic chemistry, Fajans' Rules, formulated by Kazimierz Fajans in 1923, are used to predict whether a chemical bond will be covalent or ionic, and depend on the charge on the cation and the relative sizes of the cation and anion. They can be summarized in the following table:Thus sodium chloride (with a low positive charge (+1), a fairly large cation (~1 Å) and relatively small anion (0.2 Å) is ionic; but aluminium iodide (AlI3) (with a high positive charge (+3) and a large anion) is covalent.Polarization will be increased by:High charge and small size of the cationIonic potential Å Z+/r+ (= polarizing power)High charge and large size of the anionThe polarizability of an anion is related to the deformability of its electron cloud (i.e. its \"softness\")An incomplete valence shell electron configurationNoble gas configuration of the cation produces better shielding and less polarizing powere.g. Hg2+ (r+ = 102 pm) is more polarizing than Ca2+ (r+ = 100 pm)Considering an ionic bond, in this the electron(s) is(are) not shared but transferred between the atoms conveying definite charges to each participant in the bond. The \"size\" of the charge depends on the number of electrons transferred so an aluminium atom with a +3 charge has a relatively large positive charge. That positive charge then exerts an attractive force on the electron cloud of the other ion, which has accepted the electrons from the aluminium (or other) positive ion.Two contrasting examples can illustrate the variation in effects. In the case of aluminium iodide an ionic bond with much covalent character is present. In the AlI3 bonding, the aluminium gains a +3 charge. The large charge pulls on the electron cloud of the iodines. Now, if we consider the iodine atom, we see that it is relatively large and thus the outer shell electrons are relatively well shielded from the nuclear charge. In this case, the aluminium ion's charge will \"tug\" on the electron cloud of iodine, drawing it closer to itself. As the electron cloud of the iodine nears the aluminium atom, the negative charge of the electron cloud \"cancels\" out the positive charge of the aluminium cation. This produces an ionic bond with covalent character.Now, if we take a different example, for example AlF3. We see that a similar situation occurs, but instead of iodine we now have fluorine, a relatively small highly electronegative atom. The fluorine's electron cloud is definitely less shielded from the nuclear charge and will thus be less polarizable. Thus, we get an ionic compound (metal bonded to a nonmetal) with slight covalent character.".
- Fajans_rules thumbnail Atomic_vs_Ionic_Radius.png?width=300.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageExternalLink chap4.htm.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageID "1126813".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageID "1301301".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageID "30851529".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageLength "4399".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageLength "51".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageOutDegree "1".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageOutDegree "11".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageRedirects Fajans_rules.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageRevisionID "342928146".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageRevisionID "424230404".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageRevisionID "707870833".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Aluminium_iodide.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Category:Inorganic_chemistry.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_bond.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Covalent_bond.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Fajans_rules.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Inorganic_chemistry.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Ion.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Ionic_bonding.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Kazimierz_Fajans.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink Sodium_chloride.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLink File:Atomic_vs_Ionic_Radius.png.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fajan's rules".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fajans rules".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fajans' rules".
- Fajans_rules wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_web.
- Fajans_rules wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:R_from_modification.
- Fajans_rules subject Category:Inorganic_chemistry.
- Fajans_rules type Redirect.
- Fajans_rules comment "In inorganic chemistry, Fajans' Rules, formulated by Kazimierz Fajans in 1923, are used to predict whether a chemical bond will be covalent or ionic, and depend on the charge on the cation and the relative sizes of the cation and anion.".
- Fajans_rules label "Fajan's rules".
- Fajans_rules label "Fajans rules".
- Fajans_rules label "Fajans' rules".
- Fajans_rules sameAs Q2717377.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Regles_de_Fajans.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Reglas_de_Fajans.
- Fajans_rules sameAs xd7x9bxd7x9cxd7x9cxd7x99_xd7xa4xd7x92xd7xa0xd7xa1.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Regole_di_Fajans.
- Fajans_rules sameAs ファヤンスの規則.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Reguły_Fajansa.
- Fajans_rules sameAs m.048kcv.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Fajans_kuralı.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Quy_tắc_Fajans.
- Fajans_rules sameAs Q2717377.
- Fajans_rules wasDerivedFrom Fajans_rules?oldid=342928146.
- Fajans_rules wasDerivedFrom Fajans_rules?oldid=424230404.
- Fajans_rules wasDerivedFrom Fajans_rules?oldid=707870833.
- Fajans_rules depiction Atomic_vs_Ionic_Radius.png.
- Fajans_rules isPrimaryTopicOf Fajans_rules.