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• Entoptic_phenomenon abstract "Entoptic phenomena (from Greek ἐντός \"within\" and ὀπτικός \"visual\") are visual effects whose source is within the eye itself. (Occasionally, these are called entopic phenomena, which is probably a typographical mistake.)In Helmholtz's words; \"Under suitable conditions light falling on the eye may render visible certain objects within the eye itself. These perceptions are called entoptical.\"Entoptic images have a physical basis in the image cast upon the retina. Hence, they are different from optical illusions, which are perceptual effects that arise from interpretations of the image by the brain. Because entoptic images are caused by phenomena within the observer's own eye, they share one feature with optical illusions and hallucinations: the observer cannot share a direct and specific view of the phenomenon with others.Helmholtz comments on phenomena which could be seen easily by some observers, but could not be seen at all by others. This variance is not surprising because the specific aspects of the eye that produce these images are unique to each individual. Because of the variation between individuals, and the inability for two observers to share a nearly identical stimulus, these phenomena are unlike most visual sensations. They are also unlike most optical illusions which are produced by viewing a common stimulus. Yet, there is enough commonality between the main entoptic phenomena that their physical origin is now well-understood.During the 1920s, some theosophists, unaware of the physical explanation, maintained that the moving spots seen in the blue field entoptic phenomenon were \"vitality globules\" related to the concept of prana in yoga.Some examples of entoptical effects include: Floaters or muscae volitantes are slowly drifting blobs of varying size, shape, and transparency, which are particularly noticeable when viewing a bright, featureless background (such as the sky) or a point source of diffuse light very close to the eye. They are all shadow images of objects suspended just above the retina. Some may be individual red blood cells swollen due to osmotic pressure or chains of these cells stuck together and diffraction patterns can be seen around these. They may also be \"coagula of the proteins of the vitreous gel, to embryonic remnants, or the condensation round the walls of Cloquet's canal\". Floaters may collect over the fovea (the center of vision) and therefore be more visible when lying on your back looking upwards. The blue field entoptic phenomenon has the appearance of tiny bright dots moving rapidly along squiggly lines in the visual field. It is much more noticeable when viewed against a field of pure blue light and is caused by white blood cells moving in the capillaries in front of the retina. The white cells are larger than the red cells and must deform to fit. As they go through a capillary, an open space opens up in front of them and red blood cells pile up behind. This makes the dots of light appear slightly elongated with dark tails. Haidinger's brush is a very subtle bowtie or hourglass shaped pattern that is seen when viewing a field with a component of blue light that is plane or circularly polarized and rotating with respect to the observer's eye. If the light is all blue, it will appear as a dark shadow, if the light is full spectrum, it will appear yellow. It is due to the preferential absorption of blue polarized light by pigment molecules in the fovea. The Purkinje images are the reflections from the anterior and posterior surfaces of the cornea and the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lens. While these first four reflections are not entoptic, Becker described how light can reflect from the posterior surface of the lens and then again from the anterior surface of the cornea to focus a second image on the retina, this one much fainter and inverted. Tscherning referred to this as the sixth image (the fifth image being formed by reflections from the anterior surfaces of the lens and cornea to form an image too far in front of the retina to be visible) and noted it was much fainter and best seen with a relaxed emmetropic eye. In a dark room, with one eye closed and looking ahead with the other eye, move a light back and forth under your gaze - you should see a dimmer image moving the opposite direction. The Purkinje tree is an image of the retinal blood vessels in one's own eye, first described by Purkyně in 1823. It can be seen by shining the beam of a small bright light penlight through the pupil from the periphery of a subject's vision. This results in an image of the light being focused on the periphery of the retina. Light from this spot then casts shadows of the blood vessels (which lie on top of the retina) onto unadapted portions of the retina. Normally the image of the retinal blood vessels is invisible because of adaptation. Unless the light moves, the image disappears within a second or so. If the light is moved at about 1 Hz, adaptation is defeated, and a clear image can be seen indefinitely. The vascular figure is often seen by patients during an ophthalmic examination when the doctor is using an ophthalmoscope. Another way in which the shadows of blood vessels may be seen is by holding a bright light against the eyelid at the corner of the eye. The light penetrates the eye and casts a shadow on the blood vessels as described previously. The light must be jiggled to defeat adaptation. Viewing in both cases is improved in a dark room while looking at a featureless background. This topic is discussed in more detail by Helmholtz. Purkinje's blue arcs are associated with the activity of the nerves sending signals from where a spot of light is focussed on the retina near the fovea to the optic disk. Look at the right edge of a small red light in a dark room with your right eye (left eye closed) after dark-accommodating your eye for about 30 seconds and you should see two faint blue arcs starting at the light and heading towards the blind spot. Look at the left edge and you will see a faint blue spike going from the light to the right. A phosphene is the perception of light without light actually entering the eye, for instance caused by pressure applied to the closed eyes.A phenomenon that could be entoptical if the eyelashes are considered to be part of the eye is seeing light diffracted through the eyelashes. The phenomenon appears as one or more light disks crossed by dark blurry lines (the shadows of the lashes), each having fringes of spectral colour. The disk shape is given by the circular aperture of the pupil.".
• Entoptic_phenomenon thumbnail Floaters2.png?width=300.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink full.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink 0805805087.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink entoptic_phenomenon-entoptische_erscheinungen.pdf.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink subjective-visual-phenomena.htm.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink www.iovs.org.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageExternalLink 1169.pdf..
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• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageRevisionID "694780024".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Adaptation_(eye).
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Adobe_Acrobat.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Aperture.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Blue_field_entoptic_phenomenon.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Brain.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Capillary.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ophthalmology.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Optical_phenomena.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Vision.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Diffraction.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Endaural_phenomena.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Eyelash.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Floater.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Form_constant.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Haidingers_brush.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Hermann_von_Helmholtz.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Human_eye.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Hyaloid_canal.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Hypnagogia.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Isolation_tank.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Jan_Evangelista_Purkyně.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Ophthalmoscopy.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Optical_illusion.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Phosphene.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Portable_Document_Format.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Prana.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Prisoners_cinema.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Pupil.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Purkinje_images.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Purkinje_tree.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Retina.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Scintillating_scotoma.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Theosophy.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Visible_spectrum.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Visual_snow.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink White_blood_cell.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink Yoga.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink File:Floaters2.png.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLink File:Purkinje_Tree_BM.jpg.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "Entoptic phenomenon".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "bright lights in an otherwise dark environment may generate trails and halos".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "entoptic pattern".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "entoptic phenomena".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "entoptic phenomenon".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "entoptic".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageWikiLinkText "white blood cells of the retinal blood vessels".
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:For.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:MeshName.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Note.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Ref.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Visual_phenomena.
• Entoptic_phenomenon subject Category:Ophthalmology.
• Entoptic_phenomenon subject Category:Optical_phenomena.
• Entoptic_phenomenon subject Category:Vision.
• Entoptic_phenomenon hypernym Effects.
• Entoptic_phenomenon type Agent.
• Entoptic_phenomenon type Specialty.
• Entoptic_phenomenon comment "Entoptic phenomena (from Greek ἐντός \"within\" and ὀπτικός \"visual\") are visual effects whose source is within the eye itself. (Occasionally, these are called entopic phenomena, which is probably a typographical mistake.)In Helmholtz's words; \"Under suitable conditions light falling on the eye may render visible certain objects within the eye itself. These perceptions are called entoptical.\"Entoptic images have a physical basis in the image cast upon the retina.".
• Entoptic_phenomenon label "Entoptic phenomenon".
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Q2337182.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs ظاهرة_داخل_العين.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Fenómeno_entóptico.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Phénomène_entoptique.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Entoptički_fenomen.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Augnfyrirbrigði.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Fenomeno_entoptico.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs 内視現象.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Zjawiska_entoptyczne.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Fenômeno_entóptico.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs m.05pp3j.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Entoptički_fenomen.
• Entoptic_phenomenon sameAs Q2337182.
• Entoptic_phenomenon wasDerivedFrom Entoptic_phenomenon?oldid=694780024.
• Entoptic_phenomenon depiction Floaters2.png.
• Entoptic_phenomenon isPrimaryTopicOf Entoptic_phenomenon.