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- Egon_Bretscher abstract "Egon Bretscher (1901–1973) was a Swiss physicist.Born near Zurich, Switzerland and educated at the ETH there, Bretscher gained a PhD degree in organic chemistry at Edinburgh in 1926. He returned to Zurich as privat docent to Peter Debye, later moving in 1936 to work in Rutherford’s laboratory at the Cavendish in Cambridge as a Rockefeller Scholar. Here he switched to research in nuclear physics, proposing (with Norman Feather) in 1940 that the 239 isotope of element 94 could be produced from the common isotope of uranium-238 by neutron capture and that, like U-235, this should be able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction. A similar conclusion was independently arrived at by Edwin McMillan and Philip Abelson at Berkeley Radiation Laboratory. In addition, he devised theoretical chemical procedures for purifying this unknown element away from the parent uranium; this element was named Plutonium by Nicholas Kemmer. In 1944 he became a part of the British Mission to the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos, New Mexico led by James Chadwick, where he made the first measurements on the energy released in fusion processes. His contributions up to 1945 are discussed by Margaret Gowing in her \"Britain and Atomic Energy, 1935-1945\", published in 1964. During his time in Los Alamos, he took many Kodachrome slides which appear to constitute a unique coloured record of that research site. His pictures, which are now held by the Churchill Archives Centre, include photographs of Enrico Fermi, Edward Teller and the Trinity site in New Mexico after the first atomic bomb was detonated, showing the surface light brown sand turned to a green-blue glass.In 1947 he was invited by John Cockcroft to head the Chemistry Division at the newly established Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, Oxfordshire, England and in 1948 succeeded Otto Frisch as head of the Nuclear Physics Division there. Amongst his colleagues were Bruno Pontecorvo (in the Nuclear Physics Division) and Klaus Fuchs (head of the Theoretical Physics Division). He was awarded a CBE on retirement from Harwell and died in Switzerland in 1973. He used to joke that his main contribution to physics occurred in the summer of 1930, when he was climbing in the Bergel region near Engadin with another student, Felix Bloch, in the Swiss Alps. Bloch slipped over an icy edge but was saved, as he fell, by the rope joining him to Bretscher. The latter's swift action in driving his ice axe into the ice prevented their combined demise. After raising the alarm, Bretscher returned with a guide and spent the night with Bloch discussing physics. It took guides a further three days to bring Bloch down. Bloch later won the Nobel Prize for physics for his discovery of nuclear magnetic resonance.Of his two daughters and three sons, Mark and Anthony are cell biologists, whilst Peter is an immunologist.".
- Egon_Bretscher birthDate "1901".
- Egon_Bretscher birthYear "1901".
- Egon_Bretscher deathDate "1973".
- Egon_Bretscher deathYear "1973".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageID "9127187".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageLength "3942".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageOutDegree "49".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageRevisionID "660012691".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_P._Bretscher.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_Energy_Research_Establishment.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Bruno_Pontecorvo.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:1901_births.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:1973_deaths.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Commanders_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Manhattan_Project_people.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nuclear_weapons_programme_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Swiss_nuclear_physicists.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Category:Swiss_physicists.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Cavendish_Laboratory.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Churchill_Archives_Centre.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink ETH_Zurich.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Teller.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Edwin_McMillan.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Engadin.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Enrico_Fermi.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Ernest_Rutherford.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Felix_Bloch.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Harwell,_Oxfordshire.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink James_Chadwick.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink John_Cockcroft.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Klaus_Fuchs.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Kodachrome.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Lawrence_Berkeley_National_Laboratory.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Los_Alamos,_New_Mexico.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Manhattan_Project.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Margaret_Gowing.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Mark_Bretscher.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_capture.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Nicholas_Kemmer.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Nobel_Prize.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Norman_Feather.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_chain_reaction.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_magnetic_resonance.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_physics.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Otto_Robert_Frisch.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Peter_Bretscher.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Peter_Debye.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Philip_Abelson.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Plutonium.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Swiss_Alps.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Trinity_(nuclear_test).
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink University_of_Edinburgh.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Uranium-235.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Uranium-238.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Val_Bregaglia.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLink Zürich.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageWikiLinkText "Egon Bretscher".
- Egon_Bretscher dateOfBirth "1901".
- Egon_Bretscher dateOfDeath "1973".
- Egon_Bretscher name "Bretscher, Egon".
- Egon_Bretscher placeOfBirth "near Zurich, Switzerland".
- Egon_Bretscher placeOfDeath "Switzerland".
- Egon_Bretscher shortDescription "Swiss physicist".
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Persondata.
- Egon_Bretscher wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Unreferenced.
- Egon_Bretscher description "Swiss physicist".
- Egon_Bretscher description "Swiss physicist".
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:1901_births.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:1973_deaths.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Commanders_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Manhattan_Project_people.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Nuclear_weapons_programme_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Swiss_nuclear_physicists.
- Egon_Bretscher subject Category:Swiss_physicists.
- Egon_Bretscher hypernym Physicist.
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- Egon_Bretscher type Q215627.
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- Egon_Bretscher comment "Egon Bretscher (1901–1973) was a Swiss physicist.Born near Zurich, Switzerland and educated at the ETH there, Bretscher gained a PhD degree in organic chemistry at Edinburgh in 1926. He returned to Zurich as privat docent to Peter Debye, later moving in 1936 to work in Rutherford’s laboratory at the Cavendish in Cambridge as a Rockefeller Scholar.".
- Egon_Bretscher label "Egon Bretscher".
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- Egon_Bretscher sameAs اگون_برتشر.
- Egon_Bretscher sameAs m.027ynxn.
- Egon_Bretscher sameAs Q5348200.