Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria> ?p ?o }
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria abstract "After 1241, the year of the earliest recorded Tatar invasion of Bulgaria, the Second Bulgarian Empire maintained constant political contacts with the Tatars. In this early period (13th and 14th century), \"Tatar\" was not an ethnonym but a general term for the armies of Genghis Khan’s successors. The First Tatar settlements in Bulgaria may be dated to the 13th and the beginning of the 14th century, when military units persecuted in the wake of dynastic feuds in the Golden Horde defected to Bulgarian rulers (Pavlov, 1997).From the late 14th to the late 15th century, several groups of Tatars settled in the Bulgarian territory (then under Ottoman rule) for various reasons. The settlers, probably nomads, eventually adopted a sedentary way of life and, in some areas, survived as compact communities for more than two centuries. The records show that the Tatars were inclined to raid villages and resist authority, and were therefore resettled among the local, just as restive, populations in Thrace. The Tatars were assigned special messenger and military missions, and were incorporated into the Ottoman military administration. This fact, along with their small number, the closeness between the \"Tatar\" and local Ottoman Turkish languages, and the common religion, led to the eventual loss of group Tatar identity.Unlike the situation in Thrace, the ethnic composition of Dobruja attests to the existence of a large Tatar community from the 15th to the 20th century. The Ottoman conquest of Bessarabia created conditions for the constant migration of Tatars from the Northern Black Sea region to Dobruja in the 1530s and 1540s.The 18th century saw the beginning of a radical change in the ethnic composition of the Northern Black Sea region as a result of Russian invasions. Between 1783, when the Crimean Khanate was annexed to Russia, and 1874, there were several waves of emigration from the Crimea and Kuban, and a considerable number of Crimean Tatars settled in the Bulgarian lands. The Tatars who live in Bulgaria today are descended precisely from those immigrants, who kept their identity.The largest wave of emigration was during and after the Crimean War (1853–1856). Of the approximately 230,000 Tatars who emigrated from 1854 to 1862, about 60,000 settled on Bulgarian territory (Romanski, 1917, p. 266). The majority dispersed in Northern Bulgaria especially in Dobruja, on the plains near the Danube River and in the area ofVidin.The mass settlement of Tatars in the Bulgarian lands led to the establishment of traditional relations between Bulgarians and Tatars. Contrary to the Circassian immigration, Bulgarian National Revival society did not disapprove of the settlement of Tatars.The Tatars themselves were in a state of ethnopsychological shock but, in all likelihood thanks to their nomadic past, succeeded in adapting to \"the alien world\". This first period in the modern history of the Tatar group in Bulgaria (1862–1878) was characterized by economic and environmental adjustment to the new realities and the consolidation of all Kipchak-speaking refugees.The development of the Tatar group and its identity after Bulgaria’s 1878 Liberation was determined by political factors. On the one hand, the host country changed. Having settled in the Ottoman Empire, the Tatars, who had not changed their ethnic and ecological environment, suddenly found themselves in another political organism - Bulgaria, a state that differed greatly from its predecessor. This came as another ethnopsychological shock to the Tatars and prompted a new wave of emigration. Even those who remained in Bulgaria - about 18,000 people most of them in the areas with Turkish populations in Northeastern Bulgaria found it hard to achieve a balance, and many of them eventually emigrated to Turkey.The second factor of ethnic changes was the nascent Crimean Tatar national \"renaissance\" and differentiation in the late 19th and early 20th century. Notably, the national idea of the Tatars developed at a time when the majority of them were beyond the boundaries of their historical homeland. Since the national idea was immature among the Crimean Tatars, they were susceptible to assimilation which, in the Bulgarian conditions, was effected not by the nation-state but by another ethnic group - Bulgarian Turks.Other factors also accounted for the specificity of each period in the history of the Tatars in Bulgaria. In the post-Liberation period (1878-1912/1918), there were generally no major changes in the Tatar group - there was no large-scale emigration, and the process of ethnic consolidation continued.The period from the Treaty of Neuilly to the Treaty of Craiova (1919–1940) saw a number of radical changes. Southern Dobruja, home to two-thirds of Bulgaria’s Tatar population, was annexed to Romania. The Tatars found themselves in a state with large Tatar populations around Medgidia, Mangalia and Köstence (Constanţa). On the other hand, the start of this period coincided with a short-lived Tatar nation-state in the Crimea and the constitution of the Turkish secular state. Modern Tatar nationalism embraced Pan-Turkism arid turned to Ankara for support as a result of Kemalist propaganda. This period saw large-scale Tatar emigration to Turkey and the establishment of a circle around the magazine \"Emel\" (1929-1930 in Dobrich), which used Pan-Turkic slogans as a cover for the promulgation of Turkish policies. Arguably, this was the beginning of the political Turkification of Tatars (Antonov, 1995).The general tendencies remained the same in the next period (1940 to the early 1950s), except that Bulgaria recovered Southern Dobruja, whose Tatar population had decreased by half.In the communist period, collectivization and industrialization destroyed the traditional lifestyle of the Tatars too. The natural but slow assimilation into the Turkish community endogamy was no longer possible considering the small number of the Tatar population - was intensified by modernization. There was also a socioeconomic factor the desire to take advantage of the privileges which the communist authorities granted to the Turkish community.The communist regime pursued inconsistent policies towards the Tatars. It originally adopted Moscow’s attitude to the Crimean Tatars, officially ignoring their presence in Bulgaria (they were last mentioned in the 1956 census, before reappearing as late as 1992).In 1962, the Politburo of the Bulgarian Communist Party’s Central Committee proposed taking action against the Turkification of Gypsies, Tatars and Bulgarian Muslims. The measures included study of the ethnic origins of Bulgaria’s Tatars. This attested to a new policy: accentuating the community's ethnocultural specificity in an effort to highlight and restore the distinction (blurred as a result of Turkification) between Tatars and Turks.The reforms in the 1990s have led to a restoration of Islamic Turkic names and the creation of conditions for normal contacts with relatives in Turkey, as well as for independent cultural and educational activities. There have been signs of a rebirth of Tatar identity.".
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageExternalLink www.tatars-bg.org.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageID "3568268".
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageLength "28477".
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageOutDegree "121".
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageRevisionID "632807673".
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Alevism.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Alkin_Hassan.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ankara.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Asabay.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Bessarabia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Black_Sea.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Bulgarian_Communist_Party.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Bulgarian_Turks.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Bulgarians.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Category:Crimean_Tatar_diaspora.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Category:Islam_in_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Category:Turkic_peoples_of_Europe.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Census.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Chonhar.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Chora_Batyr.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Christian.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Circassia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Collective_farming.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Constanța.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Cossacks.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Courier.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Crimea.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Crimean_Khanate.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Crimean_Tatars.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Crimean_War.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Cultural_assimilation.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Cultural_identity.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Cumans.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Danube.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Dobrich.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Dobruja.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Emel_(Turkish_magazine).
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Endogamy.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ethnicon.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ethnonym.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Eurasia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Genghis_Khan.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Golden_Horde.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Golyamo_Vranovo.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Bulgaria_(1878–1946).
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Host_country.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Immigration.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Industrialisation.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Islam.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Islam_in_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Jovkovo.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Karachays.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kazakhs.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kazan.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kerch.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kipchak_language.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kipchaks.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kuban.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Kăpinovo.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Laz_people.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Mangalia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Medgidia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Mongols.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Muslim.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Nogais.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Nomad.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Northern_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Oghuz_languages.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Onogur_(village).
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ottoman_Empire.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ottoman_Turkish_language.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Pan-Turkism.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Peoples_Republic_of_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Perekop.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Promulgation.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Qidirlez.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Refugee.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Romani_people.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Rural_area.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Ruse,_Bulgaria.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Russia.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Saint_George.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Second_Bulgarian_Empire.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Settler.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Shia_Islam.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Sophia_the_Martyr.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Southern_Dobruja.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Stereotype.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Sunni_Islam.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Tarhana.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Tat_people_(Caucasus).
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Tatar_Gypsy.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Tatar_mosque.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Tatars.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Thrace.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Topola.
- Crimean_Tatars_in_Bulgaria wikiPageWikiLink Treaty_of_Craiova.