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- Computational_RAM abstract "Computational RAM or C-RAM is random-access memory with processing elements integrated on the same chip. This enables C-RAM to be used as a SIMD computer. It also can be used to more efficiently use memory bandwidth within a memory chip.Perhaps the most influential implementations of computational RAM came from The Berkeley IRAM Project. Vector IRAM (V-IRAM) combines DRAM with a vector processor integrated on the same chip.Reconfigurable Architecture DRAM (RADram) is DRAM with reconfigurable computing FPGA logic elements integrated on the same chip.SimpleScalar simulations show that RADram (in a system with a conventional processor) can give orders of magnitude better performance on some problems than traditional DRAM (in a system with the same processor).Some embarrassingly parallel computational problems are already limited by the von Neumann bottleneck between the CPU and the DRAM.Some researchers expect that, for the same total cost, a machine built from computational RAM will run orders of magnitude faster than a traditional general-purpose computer on these kinds of problems.As of 2011, the \"DRAM process\" (few layers; optimized for high capacitance) and the \"CPU process\" (optimized for high frequency; typically twice as many BEOL layers as DRAM; since each additional layer reduces yield and increases manufacturing cost, such chips are relatively expensive per square millimeter compared to DRAM) is distinct enough that there are three approaches to computational RAM: starting with a CPU-optimized process and a device that uses lots of embedded SRAM, add an additional process step (making it even more expensive per square millimeter) to allow replacing the embedded SRAM with embedded DRAM (eDRAM), giving ~3x area savings on the SRAM areas (and so lowering net cost per chip). starting with a system with a separate CPU chip and DRAM chip(s), add small amounts of \"coprocessor\" computational ability to the DRAM, working within the limits of the DRAM process and adding only small amounts of area to the DRAM, to do things that would otherwise be slowed down by the narrow bottleneck between CPU and DRAM: zero-fill selected areas of memory, copy large blocks of data from one location to another, find where (if anywhere) a given byte occurs in some block of data, etc. The resulting system—the unchanged CPU chip, and \"smart DRAM\" chip(s) -- is at least as fast as the original system, and potentially slightly lower in cost. The cost of the small amount of extra area is expected to be more than paid back in savings in expensive test time, since there is now enough computational capability on a \"smart DRAM\" for a wafer full of DRAM to do most testing internally in parallel, rather than the traditional approach of fully testing one DRAM chip at a time with an expensive external automatic test equipment. starting with a DRAM-optimized process, tweak the process to make it slightly more like the \"CPU process\", and build a (relatively low-frequency, but low-power and very high bandwidth) general-purpose CPU within the limits of that process.Some CPUs designed to be built on a DRAM process technology (rather than a \"CPU\" or \"logic\" process technology specifically optimized for CPUs) includeThe Berkeley IRAM Project, TOMI Technologyand the AT&T DSP1.Because a memory bus to off-chip memory has many times the capacitance of an on-chip memory bus, a system with separate DRAM and CPU chips can have several times the energy consumption of an IRAM system with the same computer performance.Because computational DRAM is expected to run hotter than traditional DRAM,and increased chip temperatures result in faster charge leakage from the DRAM storage cells,computational DRAM is expected to require more frequent DRAM refresh.".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageExternalLink 54.748803.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageID "7630898".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageLength "6909".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageOutDegree "36".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageRevisionID "664158687".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink AT&T_DSP1.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Automatic_test_equipment.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Back_end_of_line.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Bandwidth_(computing).
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Berkeley_IRAM_project.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink CAS_latency.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Category:Computer_architecture.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Category:Computer_memory.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Central_processing_unit.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Computer_memory.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Computer_performance.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Computing_with_Memory.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Dynamic_random-access_memory.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink EDRAM.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Electric_energy_consumption.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Embarrassingly_parallel.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Field-programmable_gate_array.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Forth_(programming_language).
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Integrated_circuit.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Low-power_electronics.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Memory_refresh.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Random-access_memory.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Reconfigurable_computing.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink SIMD.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Stack-oriented_programming_language.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Transputer.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink University_of_California,_Berkeley.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink University_of_Notre_Dame.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Vector_processor.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLink Von_Neumann_architecture.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLinkText "Computational RAM".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageWikiLinkText "computational RAM".
- Computational_RAM wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Primary_sources.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Computational_RAM wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Computational_RAM subject Category:Computer_architecture.
- Computational_RAM subject Category:Computer_memory.
- Computational_RAM hypernym Memory.
- Computational_RAM type Area.
- Computational_RAM type Company.
- Computational_RAM type Area.
- Computational_RAM type Array.
- Computational_RAM type Computer.
- Computational_RAM type Datum.
- Computational_RAM comment "Computational RAM or C-RAM is random-access memory with processing elements integrated on the same chip. This enables C-RAM to be used as a SIMD computer. It also can be used to more efficiently use memory bandwidth within a memory chip.Perhaps the most influential implementations of computational RAM came from The Berkeley IRAM Project.".
- Computational_RAM label "Computational RAM".
- Computational_RAM sameAs Q4382284.
- Computational_RAM sameAs m.02678kg.
- Computational_RAM sameAs Процессор_в_памяти.
- Computational_RAM sameAs Q4382284.
- Computational_RAM wasDerivedFrom Computational_RAM?oldid=664158687.
- Computational_RAM isPrimaryTopicOf Computational_RAM.