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- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair abstract "In statistics, the question of checking whether a coin is fair is one whose importance lies, firstly, in providing a simple problem on which to illustrate basic ideas of statistical inference and, secondly, in providing a simple problem that can be used to compare various competing methods of statistical inference, including decision theory. The practical problem of checking whether a coin is fair might be considered as easily solved by performing a sufficiently large number of trials, but statistics and probability theory can provide guidance on two types of question; specifically those of how many trials to undertake and of the accuracy an estimate of the probability of turning up heads, derived from a given sample of trials.A fair coin is an idealized randomizing device with two states (usually named \"heads\" and \"tails\") which are equally likely to occur. It is based on the coin flip used widely in sports and other situations where it is required to give two parties the same chance of winning. Either a specially designed chip or more usually a simple currency coin is used, although the latter might be slightly \"unfair\" due to an asymmetrical weight distribution, which might cause one state to occur more frequently than the other, giving one party an unfair advantage. So it might be necessary to test experimentally whether the coin is in fact \"fair\" – that is, whether the probability of the coin falling on either side when it is tossed is approximately 50%. It is of course impossible to rule out arbitrarily small deviations from fairness such as might be expected to affect only one flip in a lifetime of flipping; also it is always possible for an unfair (or \"biased\") coin to happen to turn up exactly 10 heads in 20 flips. As such, any fairness test must only establish a certain degree of confidence in a certain degree of fairness (a certain maximum bias). In more rigorous terminology, the problem is of determining the parameters of a Bernoulli process, given only a limited sample of Bernoulli trials.".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageID "1604994".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageLength "16973".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageOutDegree "55".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageRevisionID "696392781".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Abstention.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Bayes_theorem.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_inference.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_probability.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Bernoulli_process.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Bernoulli_trial.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Beta_distribution.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Beta_function.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Binomial_distribution.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Binomial_test.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Casino_token.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bayesian_inference.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Category:Coin_flipping.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Category:Experiments.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Category:Statistical_tests.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Coin.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Coin_flipping.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Confidence_interval.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Conjugate_prior.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Credibility_theory.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Decision_theory.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Dice.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Estimation_theory.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Expected_value.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Factorial.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Fair_coin.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Frequentist_probability.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Likelihood_function.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Loss_function.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Margin_of_error.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Maximum_a_posteriori_estimation.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Normal_distribution.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Observational_error.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Point_estimation.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Posterior_probability.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Prior_probability.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Probability_density_function.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Probability_theory.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Standard_score.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Statistical_inference.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Statistical_randomness.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Statistics.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Uniform_distribution_(continuous).
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink Utility.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLink File:Plot_of_1320p7q3at500by420.png.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLinkText "Checking whether a coin is fair".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageWikiLinkText "checking whether a coin is fair".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:More_footnotes.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair subject Category:Bayesian_inference.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair subject Category:Coin_flipping.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair subject Category:Experiments.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair subject Category:Statistical_tests.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair hypernym Fair.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair type Convention.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair comment "In statistics, the question of checking whether a coin is fair is one whose importance lies, firstly, in providing a simple problem on which to illustrate basic ideas of statistical inference and, secondly, in providing a simple problem that can be used to compare various competing methods of statistical inference, including decision theory.".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair label "Checking whether a coin is fair".
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair sameAs Q5089136.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair sameAs m.05g0jb.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair sameAs Q5089136.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair wasDerivedFrom Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair?oldid=696392781.
- Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair isPrimaryTopicOf Checking_whether_a_coin_is_fair.