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- Catherine_the_Great abstract "Yekaterina Alexeyevna (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна) or Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great (Екатерина II Великая, Yekaterina II Velikaya; 2 May [O.S. 21 April] 1729 – 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796), was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 1762 until her death in 1796 at the age of 67. She is one of the three women commonly referred to as \"The Great\", the others being Tamar of Georgia and Gertrude the Great. Born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg, she came to power following a coup d'état when her husband, Peter III, was assassinated. Russia was revitalized under her reign, growing larger and stronger than ever and becoming recognized as one of the great powers of Europe.In both her accession to power and in rule of her empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favorites, most notably Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Assisted by highly successful generals such as Pyotr Rumyantsev and Alexander Suvorov, and admirals such as Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. In the south, the Crimean Khanate was crushed following victories over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish wars, and Russia colonised the vast territories of Novorossiya along the coasts of the Black and Azov Seas. In the west, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled by Catherine's former lover, king Stanisław August Poniatowski, was eventually partitioned, with the Russian Empire gaining the largest share. In the east, Russia started to colonise Alaska, establishing Russian America.Catherine reformed the administration of Russian guberniyas, and many new cities and towns were founded on her orders. An admirer of Peter the Great, Catherine continued to modernise Russia along Western European lines. However, military conscription and economy continued to depend on serfdom, and the increasing demands of the state and private landowners led to increased levels of reliance on serfs. This was one of the chief reasons behind several rebellions, including the large-scale Pugachev's Rebellion of cossacks and peasants.The period of Catherine the Great's rule, the Catherinian Era, is often considered the Golden Age of the Russian Empire and the Russian nobility. The Manifesto on Freedom of the Nobility, issued during the short reign of Peter III and confirmed by Catherine, freed Russian nobles from compulsory military or state service. Construction of many mansions of the nobility, in the classical style endorsed by the Empress, changed the face of the country. She enthusiastically supported the ideals of The Enlightenment, thus earning the status of an enlightened despot. As a patron of the arts she presided over the age of the Russian Enlightenment, when the Smolny Institute, the first state-financed higher education institution for women in Europe, was established.".
- Catherine_the_Great activeYearsEndYear "1796".
- Catherine_the_Great activeYearsStartYear "1762".
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Kingdom_of_Prussia.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Pomerania.
- Catherine_the_Great birthPlace Szczecin.
- Catherine_the_Great deathDate "1796-11-17".
- Catherine_the_Great deathPlace Saint_Petersburg.
- Catherine_the_Great parent Christian_August,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Zerbst.
- Catherine_the_Great parent Joanna_Elisabeth_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great predecessor Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great spouse Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great successor Paul_I_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great thumbnail Profile_portrait_of_Catherine_II_by_Fedor_Rokotov_(1763,_Tretyakov_gallery).jpg?width=300.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink manifest.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink catherinegreat.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink russ1790.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink histmyths1.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink CGREAT.HTM.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink 10069.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink book4351.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink book4358.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink ekat2.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Age%20of%20Absol%20-%20Enlightend%20Despots.htm.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Catherine.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink Catherine-II-the-Great-Russia.biog.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink love-and-conquest.html.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageExternalLink 18catherine.html.
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- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Adam_Laxman.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Age_of_Enlightenment.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Albert_Albertrandi.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Aleksandr_Bibikov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Aleutian_Islands.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Bezborodko.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Dmitriev-Mamonov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_I_of_Russia.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Nevsky_Lavra.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Pushkin.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Radishchev.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Suvorov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Vasilchikov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexei_Grigoryevich_Orlov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexei_Razumovsky.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Alexey_Bestuzhev-Ryumin.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Ambassadors_and_envoys_from_Russia_to_Poland_(1763–1794).
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink American_Revolution.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Anders_Johan_Lexell.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Empire.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Anti-Russian_sentiment.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Rinaldi_(architect).
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Aras_(river).
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_Young_(agriculturist).
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Assignation_ruble.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Augusta_Marie_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Augustus_III_of_Poland.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Autocracy.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Azerbaijan.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Azov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Azov_campaigns_(1695–96).
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Babylon.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Baku.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Balkans.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Baltic_Fleet.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Bar_Confederation.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Borodino.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Chesma.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Hogland.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Kagul.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Krtsanisi.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Svensksund.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Zorndorf.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Black_Sea.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Bloodletting.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Bobrinsky.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Bourgeoisie.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Brocade.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Bureaucracy.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Byzantine_Empire.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:1729_births.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:1796_deaths.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:18th-century_Russian_people.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:18th-century_female_rulers.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:18th-century_monarchs_in_Europe.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Anti-Ukrainian_sentiment.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Burials_at_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Catherine_the_Great.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Converts_to_Eastern_Orthodoxy_from_Protestantism.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Denis_Diderot.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Duchesses_of_Holstein-Gottorp.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Empresses_regnant.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:House_of_Ascania.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:House_of_Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Imperial_Russian_women_in_politics.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Love_stories.
- Catherine_the_Great wikiPageWikiLink Category:Orthodox_monarchs.