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- Book_lung abstract "A book lung is a type of respiration organ used for atmospheric gas exchange that is found in many arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders. Each of these organs is found inside an open ventral abdominal, air-filled cavity (atrium) and connects with the surroundings through a small opening for the purpose of respiration.Book lungs are not related to the lungs of modern land-dwelling vertebrates. Their name describes their structure. Stacks of alternating air pockets and tissue filled with hemolymph (the arthropod equivalent of blood) give them an appearance similar to a \"folded\" book. Their number varies from just one pair in most spiders to four pairs in scorpions. The unfolded \"pages\" (plates) of the book lung are filled with hemolymph. The folds maximize the surface exposed to air, and thereby maximize the amount of gas exchanged with the environment. In most species, no motion of the plates is required to facilitate this kind of respiration. Sometimes, book lungs can be absent, and gas exchange is performed by the thin walls inside the cavity instead, with their surface area increased by branching into the body as thin tubes called tracheae. The tracheae possibly have evolved directly from the book lungs, because in some spiders, the tracheae have a small number of greatly elongated chambers. Many arachnids, such as mites and harvestmen (Opiliones), have no traces of book lungs and breathe through tracheae or through their body surfaces only. The absence or presence of book lungs divides the Arachnida into two main groups, the pulmonate arachnids (book lungs present; scorpions and the Tetrapulmonata; whip scorpions, Schizomida, Amblypygi, and spiders), and the apulmonate arachnids (book lungs absent; microwhip scorpions, harvestmen, Acarina, pseudoscorpions, Ricinulei and sunspiders). One of the long-running controversies in arachnid evolution is whether the book lung evolved once in the arachnid common ancestor, or whether it evolved in multiple groups of arachnids in parallel as they came onto land.The oldest book lungs have been recovered from extinct trigonotarbid arachnids preserved in the 410-million-year-old Rhynie chert of Scotland. These Devonian fossil lungs are almost indistinguishable from the lungs of modern arachnids.".
- Book_lung thumbnail Spin_vent_diag.jpg?width=300.
- Book_lung wikiPageID "199437".
- Book_lung wikiPageLength "5540".
- Book_lung wikiPageOutDegree "36".
- Book_lung wikiPageRevisionID "686325552".
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Acari.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Amblypygi.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Arachnid.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Arthropod.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Atmosphere_of_Earth.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Category:Arachnid_anatomy.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Category:Spider_anatomy.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Devonian.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Gas.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Gill.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Hemolymph.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Horseshoe_crab.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Lung.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Mite.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Opiliones.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Palpigradi.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Pseudoscorpion.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Respiration_(physiology).
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Respiratory_system.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Rhynie_chert.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Ricinulei.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Schizomida.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Scorpion.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Solifugae.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Spider.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Tetrapulmonata.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Thelyphonida.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Trachea.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Trigonotarbida.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink Vertebrate.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink File:Comstock-book-lungs.png.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink File:Horseshoe_crab_female.jpg.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLink File:Spin_vent_diag.jpg.
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLinkText "Book lung".
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLinkText "Book lung#Book gills".
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLinkText "book gills".
- Book_lung wikiPageWikiLinkText "book lung".
- Book_lung wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Book_lung wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Spider_nav.
- Book_lung wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Who%3F.
- Book_lung subject Category:Arachnid_anatomy.
- Book_lung subject Category:Spider_anatomy.
- Book_lung hypernym Organ.
- Book_lung type AnatomicalStructure.
- Book_lung type Arachnid.
- Book_lung type Arachnid.
- Book_lung type Redirect.
- Book_lung comment "A book lung is a type of respiration organ used for atmospheric gas exchange that is found in many arachnids, such as scorpions and spiders. Each of these organs is found inside an open ventral abdominal, air-filled cavity (atrium) and connects with the surroundings through a small opening for the purpose of respiration.Book lungs are not related to the lungs of modern land-dwelling vertebrates. Their name describes their structure.".
- Book_lung label "Book lung".
- Book_lung sameAs Q998676.
- Book_lung sameAs Buchlunge.
- Book_lung sameAs Folipulmo.
- Book_lung sameAs Pulmón_(arácnidos).
- Book_lung sameAs Polmoni_a_libro.
- Book_lung sameAs Boeklong.
- Book_lung sameAs Boklunge.
- Book_lung sameAs Płucotchawki.
- Book_lung sameAs Pulmão_folhoso.
- Book_lung sameAs m.01c9y5.
- Book_lung sameAs Plămânii_artropodelor.
- Book_lung sameAs Predalasta_pljuča.
- Book_lung sameAs Q998676.
- Book_lung sameAs 書肺.
- Book_lung wasDerivedFrom Book_lung?oldid=686325552.
- Book_lung depiction Spin_vent_diag.jpg.
- Book_lung isPrimaryTopicOf Book_lung.